Supra-(carbon nanodots) with a strong visible to near-infrared absorption band and efficient photothermal conversion

Li, Di; Han, Dong; Qu, Song Nan; Liu, Lei; Peng, Jing; Zhou, Ding; Ji, Wen Yu; Wang, Xiao Yun; Zhang, Tong Fei; Shen, D Z

doi:10.1038/lsa.2016.120

Cited by 262 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…A single complexes achieves multimodal imaging and multitherapy. Li et al [155,156] found that the yellow CDs from CA and urea can aggregate and form blue supra-CDs in the high humidity environment (RH > 60%). This blue supra-CDs exhibited a broad absorption peak in the NIR region which is responsible to the high photothermal conversion efficiency 52%) under 732 nm laser of 0.5 W cm −2 .…”

Section: Fluorescent Cds Conjugated With Photothermal Therapeutic (Ptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advance of carbon dots in bio-related applications

Wang

Bao

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Mater.

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Carbon dots (CDs) is a kind of carbon nanoparticles with a plentiful of surface functional groups and tunable emission with different excitation wavelength. Broadly speaking, CDs include carbon nanodots, carbon quantum dots, graphene quantum dots, carbonized polymer dots. Due to the unique nature, they are explored for various applications in the bio-related fields such as bioimaging, sensor for ion and (bio)molecules, catalyst, LED and other fields. They are viewed as great alternative tracers to the current fluorescent biomarkers in personalized nanomedicine and surgery operation monitoring. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in the development of CDs, including improvement in fluorescence properties, two-photon fluorescence, and integration with other modalities as theragnostic agents. Specifically, we discussed the preparation of dual-modal imaging agents to improve the accuracy of diagnosis, the combination of imaging and targeting functionality for the effective accumulation of biomarkers, and the integration of imaging and therapeutic agents to effectively monitor the localization and concentration of therapeutic agents. Finally, the theragnostic agents composed of three functionalities (e.g. targeting, imaging, and therapy) were summarized to provide readers with future perspectives in this field.

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Section: Fluorescent Cds Conjugated With Photothermal Therapeutic (Ptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advance of carbon dots in bio-related applications

Wang

Bao

et al. 2020

J. Phys. Mater.

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“…Carbon dots (CDs) satisfy the requirements of low toxicity,11 biocompatibility,12 high photostability,13 and low cost,14 and offer versatile luminescent properties suitable for a variety of applications 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. Phosphorescence from CDs in PVA matrix was firstly reported by Zhao's group in 2013 23.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multilevel Data Encryption Using Thermal‐Treatment Controlled Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dot/Polyvinylalcohol Composites

et al. 2018

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Thermal‐treatment controlled room temperature phosphorescence is realized by embedding either originally synthesized carbon dots (CDs) or 200 °C thermal‐treated CDs into a polyvinylalcohol (PVA) matrix through post‐synthetic thermal annealing at 200 or 150 °C. The thermal‐treatment controlled phosphorescence is attributed to the transfer of photoexcitation from the excited singlet state to the triplet state through intersystem crossing, followed by radiative transition to the ground state, which is due to decrease of quenchers (oxygen) in the CDs and suppression of the vibrational dissipations through the chemical bonding of CDs in the PVA matrix. Multilevel fluorescence/phosphorescence data encryption is demonstrated based on the thermal‐treatment controlled phosphorescence from CD@PVA composites.

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“…The Raman spectra of the CDs are shown in Figure 3c. Here, two characteristic peaks at 1335 and 1571 cm −1 correspond to the disordered D band and the graphitic G band, respectively . After the addition of NaOH, the I G /I D intensity ration was shown to increase from 0.88 to 0.99, indicating better crystallinity of the CDs .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable Synthesis of Green Fluorescent Carbon Dot Powders with Unprecedented Efficiency

Wei

Lou

Zang

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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quantum yield (PL QY) of 93.3%; the highest yield to date among the blue-emitting CDs. [21] Sun and co-workers developed a CD synthesis technique using multicolored emission through controlled graphitization and surface functionalization. [1] They found the CD emission band to be tunable from 430 nm to 630 nm, which covers the blue and red region.Despite such large progress achieved for CD synthesis, plenty of barriers still exist to CD commercialization. Typically, CDs with great performance are primarily prepared through solvothermal routes, meaning at least several hours are needed to prepare CDs at milligram levels. [1,3,4,6,[19][20][21][22][23] Nevertheless, expensive precursors and complex purification processes will no doubt enlarge the construction costs and increase the preparation time. [3][4][5][6] In another way, CDs suffer from aggregation-causedquenching (ACQ) due to π-π stacking in the solid state, which has shown to greatly hinder the application of CDs in light-emitting fields. [24][25][26][27][28] To overcome this deficiency, efforts have been targeted to develop solid CDs with efficient fluorescence by way of CD monomer separation from direct contact, including CD implantation inside polymer matrices and combining them with inorganic salts as composites. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Although this effectively prevents the ACQ of CDs in solid state by the dispersal of CDs into various matrices, only CDs at lower loading fractions (i.e., <0.2 wt%) have the ability to achieve high PL QY. [39] While most white LEDs (WLEDs) are created using the one-step synthesis of white light-emitting CDs, the down-conversion fluorescent powders usually suffer from low luminous efficiency or color instability. [40][41][42] Therefore, it is paramount to develop solid CDs with high fluorescence efficiency and stability in facile, low cost, and high-output ways in order to satisfy scale-up industrial production and application.In this study, we report a facile one-step microwave-assisted heating method to prepare solid CDs with strong green emissions. Here, citric acid, urea, and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) have been used as precursors. The CDs were also made to be resistant to self-quenching by in situ embedding the CD into the crystal matrix of NaOH, so that the PL QY could reach 75.9% in the solid state. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest value attained for solid CDs having green emission. [8,32,[35][36][37][38] Moreover, powdered CD (CDPs) would also have the potential to be prepared on a much larger scale in several minutes It still remains a challenge to synthesize solid-state carbon dots (CDs) with high emission efficiency; a hurdle that has hindered the application of CDs in many fields. In this work, efficient fluorescent CDs have been prepared through a one-step microwave-assisted heating method. Experimental data show strong green emissions produced from the CD powders (CDPs), carrying an unprecedented 75.9% quantum yield due to both spatial confinement and defect reduction with the ...

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Supra-(carbon nanodots) with a strong visible to near-infrared absorption band and efficient photothermal conversion

Cited by 262 publications

References 45 publications

Recent advance of carbon dots in bio-related applications

Recent advance of carbon dots in bio-related applications

Multilevel Data Encryption Using Thermal‐Treatment Controlled Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dot/Polyvinylalcohol Composites

Scalable Synthesis of Green Fluorescent Carbon Dot Powders with Unprecedented Efficiency

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