Nanojars are a class of supramolecular
anion-incarcerating coordination
complexes that self-assemble from Cu2+ ions, pyrazole,
and a strong base in the presence of highly hydrophilic anions. In
this work, we show that if the strong base (e.g., NaOH or Bu4NOH) is replaced by a weak base such as a trialkylamine, capped nanojars
of the formula [{Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-pz)3L3}CO3⊂{Cu(μ-OH)(μ-pz)}
n
] (pz = pyrazolate anion; L = neutral donor
molecule; n = 27–31) are obtained instead
of the conventional nanojars. Yet, to obtain capped nanojars, the
conjugate acid side product originating from the weak base must be
separated by transferring it to water either by precipitation of the
water-insoluble capped nanojars or by liquid–liquid extraction.
Full characterization using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,
UV–vis and variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy
in solution, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis,
and solubility studies in the solid state reveals similarities as
well as drastic differences between capped nanojars and nanojars lacking
the [Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-pz)3L3]2+ cap. Acid–base reactivity studies
demonstrate that capped nanojars are intermediates in the pH-controlled
assembly–disassembly of nanojars. During the self-assembly
of capped nanojars, CO2 is selectively sequestered from
air in the presence of other atmospheric gases and converted to carbonate,
the binding of which is selective in the presence of NO3
–, ClO4
–, BF4
–, Cl–, and Br– ions.