Surface‐active properties of sodium salts of sulfated fatty acid monoglycerides

Abstract

Summary Sodium salts of fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates have been prepared by sulfating purified monoglycerides with chlorosulfonic acid or a pyridine‐sulfur trioxide complex and subsequent neutralizing. Surface tension, interfacial tension, wetting, suspending and foaming characteristics, calcium stability, and emulsifying property (including stability of the emulsion obtained) of the aqueous solution of these surfactants from C12, C14, C16, and C18 saturated fatty acids and from oleic acid and linoleic acids have been determined and evaluated. With the exception of the wetting characteristic which was found to be optimum in the case of the more hydrophilic products (like those from lauric and linoleic acids) the remaining properties were found to reach a maximum value when the hydrophilic‐hydrophobic balance in the surfactant molecule was seemingly optimum, as attained by myristic and oleic acid products.

The Reactions of Sulfur Trioxide, and Its Adducts, with Organic Compounds.

“…The latter reagent presumably yields an acetoxysulfonate similar to that formed from oleic acid. Pure oleic and linoleic monoglycerides are sulfated at 10°in 30 minutes with a large excess of S03-pyridine (73).…”