Surface-based remote sensing of the mixing-layer height a review

Emeis, Stefan; Schäfer, Klaus; Münkel, Christoph

doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0312

Cited by 223 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…On the other hand, the low content of aerosols in the FA results in a large vertical gradient of the aerosolconcentration and then in a minimum scatter of the LIDAR signal. Therefore, the height of the maximum variance, and the height of the largest negative peak of the derivative of the optically attenuated backscatter intensity, can both be assumed as being the height of the MABL (Emeis et al, 2008). In the following section, we show the evolution of surface flow characteristics, monitored at the ODAS buoy, and the simultaneous evolution of the vertical structure of the MABL, monitored by both the ceilometer and the radiosondes.…”

Section: The Experimental Setup and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LIDAR approach is based on the fact that the stable stratification at the surface and/or at the top of the mixing layer, usually confines aerosols in the ABL. Optical waves are scattered at small particles and the backscatter signal is proportional to the aerosol concentration itself (Emeis et al, 2008). The evaluation of z i from radiosondes is based on the temperature inversion.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Vertical Structure Of The Mabl During Lasiementioning

confidence: 99%

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Observed development of the vertical structure of the marine boundary layer during the LASIE experiment in the Ligurian Sea

et al. 2010

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Abstract. In the marine environment, complete datasets describing the surface layer and the vertical structure of the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer (MABL), through its entire depth, are less frequent than over land, due to the high cost of measuring campaigns. During the seven days of the Ligurian Air-Sea Interaction Experiment (LASIE), organized by the NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) in the Mediterranean Sea, extensive in situ and remote sensing measurements were collected from instruments placed on a spar buoy and a ship. Standard surface meteorological measurements were collected by meteorological sensors mounted on the buoy ODAS Italia1 located in the centre of the Gulf of Genoa. The evolution of the height (z i ) of the MABL was monitored using radiosondes and a ceilometer on board of the N/O Urania.Here, we present the database and an uncommon case study of the evolution of the vertical structure of the MABL, observed by two independent measuring systems: the ceilometer and radiosondes. Following the changes of surface flow conditions, in a sequence of onshore -offshoreonshore wind direction shifting episodes, during the mid part of the campaign, the overall structure of the MABL changed.Correspondence to: A. M. Sempreviva (am.sempreviva@isac.cnr.it) Warm and dry air from land advected over a colder sea, induced a stably stratified Internal Boundary Layer (IBL) and a consequent change in the structure of the vertical profiles of potential temperature and relative humidity.

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Section: The Experimental Setup and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution Of the Vertical Structure Of The Mabl During Lasiementioning

confidence: 99%

Observed development of the vertical structure of the marine boundary layer during the LASIE experiment in the Ligurian Sea

et al. 2010

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“…1c) and second derivation method (Fig. 1c) determine the BLH at the height corresponding to the minimum of the gradient, log-gradient and second derivation of lidar backscattering, respectively (Emeis et al, 2008). The variance method determines the BLH as the maximum of the variance profile (Emeis et al, 2008).…”

Section: Blh Detection Methodology With Ground-based Lidar Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For lidar observations, using different characteristics of returned backscatter to determine the BLH may give a different characteristic scale of ABL (Emeis et al, 2008). Five Figure 2.…”

Section: Blh Detection Methodology With Ground-based Lidar Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lidar provides direct measurements of aerosol profiles within the ABL. Several methods, such as the threshold method, gradient method, and variance method, have been developed to determine BLH by using lidar backscatter measurements (Hooper and Eloranta, 1986;Flamant et al, 1997;Menut et al, 1999;Sicard et al, 2006;Lammert and Bösenberg, 2006;Martucci et al, 2007;Emeis et al, 2008;Jordan et al, 2010;Haeffelin et al, 2012). However, the detected aerosol layers are not always consistent with ABL thermodynamical structures because aerosol vertical structures are affected by other factors.…”

Section: T Luo Et Al: Lidar-based Remote Sensing Of Atmospheric Boumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lidar-based remote sensing of atmospheric boundary layer height over land and ocean

2014

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Abstract. Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) processes are important in climate, weather and air quality. A better understanding of the structure and the behavior of the ABL is required for understanding and modeling of the chemistry and dynamics of the atmosphere on all scales. Based on the systematic variations of the ABL structures over different surfaces, different lidar-based methods were developed and evaluated to determine the boundary layer height and mixing layer height over land and ocean. With Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility (ACRF) micropulse lidar (MPL) and radiosonde measurements, diurnal and season cycles of atmospheric boundary layer depth and the ABL vertical structure over ocean and land are analyzed. The new methods are then applied to satellite lidar measurements. The aerosol-derived global marine boundary layer heights are evaluated with marine ABL stratiform cloud top heights and results show a good agreement between them.

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Convective boundary layer evolution from lidar backscatter and its relationship with surface aerosol concentration at a location of a central China megacity

Kong

2015

JGR Atmospheres

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Based on the 1 min backscatter ratio R profiles from the all-day lidar measurements in Wuhan, China (30.5°N, 114.4°E), hourly convective boundary layer (CBL) height was calculated with the variance method. The calculated CBL height sequence displays the regular diurnal cycle of the CBL top. The prevalent mixing process within the CBL is also revealed. During the CBL growth period, the backscatter ratio R falls visibly with increasing altitude and has large variance within the CBL, suggesting that more abundant aerosol particles from lower altitudes are being transported upward and being mixed with the local background or advected aerosol layers. During the CBL quasistationary period, R tends to be vertically uniform, and its variance reaches a daytime minimum within the CBL, indicating that the vertical homogenization of aerosol particles produced by the convectively driven mixing reaches its maximum. During the afternoon and early evening transition period, the vertical uniformity of R weakens and the variance enlarges again, implying that the reduced convectively driven mixing fails to maintain a high vertical homogeneity. When the 1 min R profiles were plotted together in terms of each 1 h interval, the fluctuating R curves at heights around the CBL top looked like a "node", representing the structure of the entrainment zone between the CBL and the free troposphere. The moving node depicts the evolution of the entrainment zone. The diurnal variation of the CBL height shows an obvious seasonal dependence which coincides with the annual variation of the local surface temperature. The surface fine particle concentration generally has a more complex diurnal cycle than that expected from the CBL-dilution/CBL-accumulation effect. But, it shows a strong annual variation which is out of phase with respect to that of the monthly mean maximum CBL height. This tends to suggest that the seasonal behavior of the surface fine particle concentration mainly depends on the seasonal variation in available volume (determined by the CBL height) for aerosol dispersion.

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Surface-based remote sensing of the mixing-layer height a review

Cited by 223 publications

References 45 publications

Observed development of the vertical structure of the marine boundary layer during the LASIE experiment in the Ligurian Sea

Observed development of the vertical structure of the marine boundary layer during the LASIE experiment in the Ligurian Sea

Lidar-based remote sensing of atmospheric boundary layer height over land and ocean

Convective boundary layer evolution from lidar backscatter and its relationship with surface aerosol concentration at a location of a central China megacity

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