Here, we describe the size-dependent, electrochemically
controlled
Ostwald ripening of 1.6, 4, and 15 nm-diameter Au nanoparticles (NPs)
attached to (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)-modified glass/indium-tin-oxide
electrodes. Holding the Au NP-coated electrodes at a constant negative
potential of the dissolution potential in a bromide-containing electrolyte
led to electrochemical Ostwald ripening of the different-sized Au
NPs. The relative increase in the diameter of the NPs (D
final/D
initial) during electrochemical
Ostwald ripening increases with decreasing NP size, increasing applied
potential, increasing NP population size dispersity, and increasing
NP coverage on the electrodes. Monitoring the average size of the
Au NPs as a function of time at a controlled potential allows the
measurement of the Ostwald ripening rate. Anodic stripping voltammetry
and electrochemical determination of the surface area-to-volume ratio
provide fast and convenient size analysis for many different samples
and conditions, with consistent sizes from scanning electron microscopy
images for some samples. It is important to better understand electrochemical
Ostwald ripening, especially under potential control, since it is
a major process that occurs during the synthesis of metal NPs and
leads to detrimental size instability during electrochemical applications.