Surface functionalization and dynamics of polymeric cell culture substrates

Abstract

The promise of growing tissues to replace or improve the function of failing ones, a practice often referred to as regenerative medicine, has been driven in recent years by the development of stem cells and cell lines. Stem cells are typically cultured outside the body to increase cell number or differentiate the cells into mature cell types. In order to maximize the regenerative potential of these cells, there is a need to understand cell-material interactions that direct cell behavior and cell-material dynamics. Most synthetic surfaces used for growth and differentiation of cells in the lab are impractical and cost prohibitive in clinical labs. This review focuses on the modification of low cost polymer substrates that are already widely used for cell culture so that they may be used to control and understand cell-material interactions. In addition, we discuss the ability of cells to exert dynamic control over the microenvironment leading to a more complex, less controlled surface.

Highly Tunable Thiol‐Ene Photoresins for Volumetric Additive Manufacturing

“…We are particularly interested in utilizing these thiol-ene materials downstream as functional biological scaffolds, as the unreacted thiols can be used for downstream surface functionalization. [32][33][34] Providing threshold functionality by means of the radical-trapping inhibitor TEMPO points toward a general approach for formulating VAM-compatible materials, whether oxygen-inhibited or not. The sharpness of the threshold and its interplay with printing resolution and part mechanical properties warrant further investigation.…”

Perfluorophenyl azide functionalization of electrospun poly(para‐dioxanone)

“…In this respect, control over possible interactions between (electrospun) scaffolds and biomolecules or cells in general is of fundamental interest. Hence, various strategies to surface‐functionalize scaffolds with biologically active compounds such as RGD peptides, growth factors, or proteins have been studied to promote directed and non‐directed cell adhesion . Besides the possibility to display bioactive molecules on the scaffolds, a covalent chemical bond between the functionalizing entity and the scaffold is particularly useful to immobilize the active component on the scaffold surface.…”

“…Hence, various strategies to surface-functionalize scaffolds with biologically active compounds such as RGD peptides, growth factors, or proteins have been studied to promote directed and non-directed cell adhesion. [3][4][5][6] Besides the possibility to display bioactive molecules on the scaffolds, a covalent chemical bond between the functionalizing entity and the scaffold is particularly useful to immobilize the active component on the scaffold surface. Poly(para-dioxanone) (PPDO) is wellknown as a suture in clinical use; however, it has not achieved a breakthrough in tissue engineering despite studies on tendon, bone, and Karola Luetzow and Paul J. Hommes-Schattmann contributed equally to this work.…”

Engineering bioactive synthetic polymers for biomedical applications: a review with emphasis on tissue engineering and controlled release

“…Chemical functionalization and physical adsorption of ECM proteins (such as collagen, fibronectin (FN), and laminin) are parts of a widespread strategy that can promote cell-SyP matrix interactions. [21][22][23][24][25] For instance, Zahari et al 26 produced electrospun cell scaffolds from PMMA containing physically adsorbed collagen type 1 or laminin for muscle-tissue regeneration. The authors found that the use of genipin as the crosslinking agent Fig.…”