Surface‐Layer Wind Shear and Momentum Transport From Clear‐Sky to Cloudy Weather Regimes Over Land

Koning, Ada Mariska; Nuijens, Louise; Bosveld, Fred C.; Siebesma, A. Pier; Dorp, P. A. van; Jonker, Harm J. J.

doi:10.1029/2021jd035087

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…Nevertheless, few prior studies are heavily relying on the profiling observation of winds. The presence of cloud further complicates the evolution of wind profile (Koning et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of low-level supergeostrophic wind and Ekman spiral as observed by a radar wind profiler in Beijing

Wang

Guo

Xian

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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The supergeostrophic flow remains seldomly reported from an observational perspective. Here, 1 year record of radar wind profiler measurements and ERA-5 reanalysis collected at Beijing observatory station are used to characterize the vertical structures of supergeostrophic wind and Ekman spirals in the lower troposphere. It is found that supergeostrophic flow shows significant diurnal variation, with lowest frequency for the supergeostrophic wind forming during daytime under clear-sky conditions, largely due to strong turbulent mixing and friction in the daytime. By comparison, the planetary boundary layer at night is stably stratified, the supergeostrophic wind occurs more frequently due to friction-induced decoupling from the ground surface. Furthermore, the presence of cloud makes the supergeostrophic wind occur more often in the daytime. Also, the geostrophic wind deviation within 1 km of atmosphere is found to be more negatively associated with the difference between surface temperature and 2-m air temperature compared with that in the altitude range of 1–3 km, indicating that the supergeostrophic wind near ground surface is more subject to the influence of heat flux. Intriguingly, most of the vertical wind profiles in the PBL are found not to follow Ekman spiral under neutral atmospheric conditions. The supergeostrophic winds contribute significantly to the magnitude of Ekman spirals in the upper mixed layer. Overall, the profiles and evolution features of the supergeostrophic wind and Ekman spirals observed in the lower troposphere in Beijing are much complicated than expected. The findings lay a solid foundation for better elucidating the low-level atmospheric dynamics in Beijing.

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“…Nevertheless, few prior studies are heavily relying on the profiling observation of winds. The presence of cloud further complicates the evolution of wind profile (Koning et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of low-level supergeostrophic wind and Ekman spiral as observed by a radar wind profiler in Beijing

Wang

Guo

Xian

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Surface‐Layer Wind Shear and Momentum Transport From Clear‐Sky to Cloudy Weather Regimes Over Land

et al. 2021

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Accurate predictions of wind speed and wind direction near the surface are important, for instance, to estimate energy generation in wind farms or to predict surface stress, heat, and moisture fluxes that influence a range of atmospheric processes. The short-term local wind forecast relies on many processes, of which several are not resolved in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models but parameterized. Unresolved parameterized processes that impact the winds are surface drag and shear-driven turbulence, as well as convection and gravity waves. Over land, the deepening of the boundary layer due to turbulence and dry convection is typically accompanied by the development of shallow cumulus clouds. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between wind shear and momentum fluxes with cloud or weather regimes and identify whether convective cloud regimes in particular, as opposed to clear sky regimes, have a different structure of wind and momentum flux near the surface.

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Evaluating the ability of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) to simulate near-surface wind speeds in the Inland Pacific Northwest, USA

Zhang,

Pi,

Wagner

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Surface‐Layer Wind Shear and Momentum Transport From Clear‐Sky to Cloudy Weather Regimes Over Land

Cited by 5 publications

References 43 publications

Investigation of low-level supergeostrophic wind and Ekman spiral as observed by a radar wind profiler in Beijing

Investigation of low-level supergeostrophic wind and Ekman spiral as observed by a radar wind profiler in Beijing

Surface‐Layer Wind Shear and Momentum Transport From Clear‐Sky to Cloudy Weather Regimes Over Land

Evaluating the ability of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) to simulate near-surface wind speeds in the Inland Pacific Northwest, USA

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