Surface measured solar radiation data and solar energy resource assessment of Pakistan: A review

Tahir, Zia R.; Asim, Muhammad Nabeel

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.090

Cited by 117 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) in the United States estimated that the wind energy potential of Pakistan is 346,000 MW, while the wind corridor of Gharo-Ketibander alone can generate 43,000 MW [85]. With regard to the solar energy potential of Pakistan, irradiation of more than 5-6 kWh/m 2 /day has been estimated in many areas by the Alternate Energy Development Board [86].…”

Section: Economic Valuation Of Alternative Policies/scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Emission Modeling for Energy Demand in the Household Sector: A Study of Pakistan as a Developing Economy

Bashir

Ahmad

2018

Sustainability

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In the developing world, the energy needs of the household sector have grown manifold, due to rapid urbanization and the introduction of affordable technology. However, constraints in the power supply and underutilization of renewable resources, coupled with inefficient fuel use and obsolete technology, have increased the average energy usage cost and emissions. Hence, the current study provides a long-term sustainable energy management plan for the urban household, in terms of energy savings, social cost, and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation. To address energy security and climate change challenges, a demand-side management scenario (DSM) is proposed through integration of efficient policies and nationally determined contributions. On the basis of policy analysis and energy consumption patterns, macro-economic modeling was carried out for the period 2011–2050, using the Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) modeling tool. Results show that the “efficient water heating” scenario offers the maximum energy-saving potential (up to 270 M.TOE) whereas “efficient space cooling” is the lowest-cost scenario. To achieve the best-fit mitigation scenario (MIT), targets for renewable energy supply were also incorporated. Findings were weighed against the reference scenario (REF), which reveals a huge GHG reduction under the DSM. Moreover, the cost required to implement MIT is estimated to be 3.4 US $/tonne of carbon dioxide-equivalent, less than the REF.

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Section: Economic Valuation Of Alternative Policies/scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Emission Modeling for Energy Demand in the Household Sector: A Study of Pakistan as a Developing Economy

Bashir

Ahmad

2018

Sustainability

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“…SPV systems are used to convert sunlight directly into electricity whereas CSP systems (also known as solar thermal systems) are used for concentrating and heating a heat transfer fluid (HTF) for a power cycle. In Pakistan, the installation and development of the SPV system is growing [4]. Quaid-e-Azam solar park (QASP), which is the first ever power station in the country consisting of SPV with a capacity of 1000 MW, is under construction [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Pakistan, the installation and development of the SPV system is growing [4]. Quaid-e-Azam solar park (QASP), which is the first ever power station in the country consisting of SPV with a capacity of 1000 MW, is under construction [4]. Out of 1000 MW of QASP, 300 MW has been already added to the national grid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out of 1000 MW of QASP, 300 MW has been already added to the national grid. Also, several small to large scale projects consisting of solar photovoltaics are under operation and construction [4]. However, CSP systems have not been utilized in Pakistan.CSP is a promising technology for large scale power production.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recent research on CSP systems is concerned with site selections, technological evaluations, performance analysis, economic investigations, and developments in the CSP process and materials.Processes 2019, 7, 575 2 of 25 is available in the country because of its location in the sunbelt. Solar energy can be utilized in two ways: solar photovoltaics (SPV) and concentrated solar power (CSP) [4]. SPV systems are used to convert sunlight directly into electricity whereas CSP systems (also known as solar thermal systems) are used for concentrating and heating a heat transfer fluid (HTF) for a power cycle.…”

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Performance and Economic Analysis of Concentrated Solar Power Generation for Pakistan

et al. 2019

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In Pakistan, the utilization of renewable energy sources is increasing in order to reduce the electricity supply and demand gap. However, concentrated solar power (CSP) generation has not been considered in the country even though it has gained considerable attention worldwide. This study, as such, investigates the potential, performance, and economic analyses of four CSP technologies for different locations in Pakistan. Initially, an assessment of CSP sites, including solar resource, land, and water availability, was undertaken. Then, performance simulations of CSP technologies for four different locations of Pakistan, namely Quetta, Hyderabad, Multan, and Peshawar, were examined. For all cases, highest energy production was achieved in summers and lowest in winters, and CSP plants with evaporative cooling were found to be efficient compared to air cooling. The results also revealed that the Quetta and Hyderabad regions were promising for CSP development while parabolic tough (PT) and solar power tower (SPT) were the suitable CSP technologies for these regions. Specifically, the SPT plant with air cooling could be a favorable option for energy production in Quetta. Lastly, economic analyses revealed the financial feasibility of CSP plants in Pakistan since the levelized cost of energy is found to be significantly low.Processes 2019, 7, 575 2 of 26 negligible. Specifically, an abundant potential of solar energy is available in the country because of its location in the sunbelt. Solar energy can be utilized in two ways: solar photovoltaics (SPV) and concentrated solar power (CSP) [4]. SPV systems are used to convert sunlight directly into electricity whereas CSP systems (also known as solar thermal systems) are used for concentrating and heating a heat transfer fluid (HTF) for a power cycle. In Pakistan, the installation and development of the SPV system is growing [4]. Quaid-e-Azam solar park (QASP), which is the first ever power station in the country consisting of SPV with a capacity of 1000 MW, is under construction [4]. Out of 1000 MW of QASP, 300 MW has been already added to the national grid. Also, several small to large scale projects consisting of solar photovoltaics are under operation and construction [4]. However, CSP systems have not been utilized in Pakistan.CSP is a promising technology for large scale power production. There are four families of CSP technology including (i) parabolic trough collectors (PTC), (ii) solar power tower (SPT), (iii) linear Fresnel reflects (LFR), and (iv) parabolic dish systems (PDs). There are numerous advantages of CSP, such as renewable, clean, low operating cost, etc. However, one of the issues with CSP is soiling of mirrors, where dirt is accumulated on the mirrors/reflectors. It causes a reduction in the electricity production. The soiling effect can be reduced by proper cleaning/washing of the mirrors [5][6][7]. The commercialization of CSP is increasing. For instance, the CSP global capacity was 400 MW in 2006, which increased to 4800 MW in 2017 [8]. The global l...

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Solar photovoltaic potential and diffusion assessment for Pakistan

Khatri

Harijan

Uqaili

et al. 2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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In Pakistan, around 58% of current electricity is generated from fossil fuels and only 2.4% is generated using renewable energy (RE) resources even though country is blessed with enormous RE potential. Among other RE resources, Pakistan's geographical location offers high solar energy potential, which implies that actual potential assessment should be undertaken. This study, as such, undertakes a comprehensive assessment of solar energy potential and prospects of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for both off-grid and gridconnected systems. This study also estimates the future available capacity of rooftop and rural off-grid solar PV capacity. Three different types of solar PV modules of the same size, that is, thin-film, premium, and standard were modeled to compare energy outputs. NREL's System Advisor Model (SAM) is used to estimate the geographical and technical potential of solar PV considering updated data and geographical information. SAM results suggest that an average of 4.5 kWh/kWp/day is obtained from an installed capacity of 1 KWp. The logistic modeling equations are further used to forecast the solar PV penetration over a period until 2090. The research investigation concludes that 2.8 × 10 6 GWh of electricity can be generated annually in Pakistan. The estimated results prove that solar PV has the potential to meet the present as well as future energy needs of Pakistan.

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Surface measured solar radiation data and solar energy resource assessment of Pakistan: A review

Cited by 117 publications

References 91 publications

Low-Emission Modeling for Energy Demand in the Household Sector: A Study of Pakistan as a Developing Economy

Low-Emission Modeling for Energy Demand in the Household Sector: A Study of Pakistan as a Developing Economy

Performance and Economic Analysis of Concentrated Solar Power Generation for Pakistan

Solar photovoltaic potential and diffusion assessment for Pakistan

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