Surface Modification of Metallic Targets with Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Abstract

Interaction of pulsed femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser (160 fs), operating at high repetition rate (75 MHz) at 800 nm, with nickel-based superalloy Inconel 600 and tungsten-titanium (WTi) target was studied. The WTi target was in form of thin film deposited on silicon substrate. Low laser fluence of maximum 50 mJ/cm 2 had modified the target surface during irradiation/exposure time of seconds or minutes. The radiation absorbed from the laser beam generates at the surface a series of effects, such as direct material vaporization, formation of clusters, etc. Morphological features of the targets can be summarized as: (a) intensive removal of material and crater appearance; (b) creation of nanostructures; (c) microcracking, etc. Ablation of Inconel 600 surface is effective, resulting in formation of holes with small diameter (≤ 10 µm) and relatively large depth (≤ 50 µm). In case of WTi target/thin film, the surrounding rim is not so expressed, and crater depths are lower. It can be concluded that the average laser power of the order of watts, pulse energies of the order of nanojoules and high repetition rates (MHz range) can successfully modify metallic materials.

Extending the binary collision algorithm to non-Spitzer systems and application to laser heating and damage

“…Ultra-intense laser excitation of cold, solid density targets drives rapid heating and highly non-equilibrium distributions of electrons in a process that is still not well understood. Elucidating these dynamics is a crucial step for the study of laser generated warm dense matter and laser induced surface modification and damage [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In particular, a better understanding is important for optimizing applications of ultrashort (sub-ps), ultra-intense (> 10 12 W/cm 2 ) laser driven surface modification which includes laser surgery, laser machining and characterization, creation of hydrophobic surfaces, solar cell enhancement and many others [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”