Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Performance Analysis on 2D Material Based on Graphene and Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Abstract

Since graphene was first isolated in 2004, research related to graphene-based 2D material for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor applications has increased. Recently, other types of 2D materials such as Transition Metal Dichalcogenides have also been investigated. This 2D material has exceptional optical and electronic properties and can be utilized to improve the performance of biosensors. The performance of SPR biosensors can be determined based on their sensitivity and detection accuracy (DA). To find out the sensitivity and DA, simulation approach can be done. In this paper, we perform SPR simulations on monolayer and multilayer structures of 2D material, namely graphene, graphene oxide, molibdenum disulfida, and tungsten diselenide. In addition, we also investigated the sensitivity and DA of SPR biosensors on hybrid structures. The results obtained indicate that the use of 2D material can increase the sensitivity of the SPR up to 5 times when compared to conventional structures. Of the four types of 2D material investigated, GO is the material with the best accuracy. If the SPR biosensor performance is determined based on the FOM value, the best performance is owned by the GO-based SPR structure with a sensitivity of 151.87 deg/RIU and DA 0.22 deg-1.

Design and Analysis of GO Coated High Sensitive Tunable SPR Sensor for OATR Spectroscopic Biosensing Applications

“…iii, vi) nanosheet is deposited over the structure which thickness is taken as d 4 = M * t M , where M is the number of layers. Monolayer thickness of graphene is t M = 0.34 nm, and RI can be calculated using n Gr = 3.0 + i (C 1 /3 ) λ where C 1 can be found in [29]. The RI of GO, a novel 2D material, depends on the monolayer thickness, t M = 2.55 nm of the sheet and can be calculated using the formula, n GO = √ ε re + iε im .…”

“…Detection Accuracy is the inverse to the FWHM of the reflectance intensity curve and can be denoted as [29],…”

“…Furthermore, by altering the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of GO, the bandgap and dielectric constant may be increased, hence increasing the SPR characteristics [47], [48]. Nurrohman et al [29] have investigated the effect of using the GO layer, revealing that GO has increased the Figure of Merit (FOM) of their proposed SPR sensor to 33.41 RIU −1 with a sensitivity of 151.87 deg/RIU in comparison with Graphene on the same structure. MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ), another prosperous 2D material, has recently shown potential for biochemical and biomolecular sensing when utilized as an interaction layer in SPR.…”

2D Nanomaterial-Based Hybrid Structured (Au-WSe2-PtSe2-BP) Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Sensor With Improved Performance

“…Their study shows that applying PtSe2 over Ag and Au can improve the sensitivity of the sensor up to 162 deg/RIU and 165 deg/RIU, respectively. Furthermore, some hybrid configurations using multiple 2D materials like WS2graphene [16], MoS2-WS2-WSe2 [17] have been proposed for improving performance of the sensor. Li et al [18] presented black phosphorene (BP) as a strong competitor to graphene with its excellent opto-electric properties, high carrier mobility and direct bandgap [19].…”

Monitoring hemoglobin levels in human blood samples using an MXene-ZnO-graphene based Surface plasmon resonance biosensor

“…Researchers are becoming interested in optical biosensors because of their vast range of applications in medical devices, agriculture, food processing, and environmental monitoring [1][2][3] [4]. These optical biosensors follow the popular resonance phenomenon known as surface plasmon resonance (SPR).…”