Surface Property and Biocompatibility of Ti and Ti6Al4V for Dental Implants

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the surface propertity and biocompatibility of Ti and Ti6Al4V after the treatments of sandblasting by Al 2 O 3 and etching by hydrochloric acid-sulfuric acid mixture. Surface morphology of samples was observed using scanning electron microscopy and the roughness and three-dimensional structures were detected by 3D laser scanning confocal microscope. Simulated body fluid (SBF) tests were conducted to compare the biocompatibility of the samples. The size of the contact angle was measured by a microscope using a measuring instrument. After sandblasting and acid etching, the surfaces of Ti and Ti6Al4V presented micron-size porous morphology and were hydrophilic. Even though microstructures of the alloys exhibited somewhat similar, the deposition of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy was greater and faster than that of Ti, which is significant for dental implants. Sprague-Dawley rats were seeded on the surfaces of Ti and Ti6Al4V and their adhesion observed using Calcein-AM staining. Surface modification of Sandblasting and acid etching promoted bioactivity of Ti and Ti6Al4V surfaces, although sandblasted and acid-etched Ti6Al4V showed better biocompatibility than Ti.

Biomimetic Calcium Phosphate Coatings for Bioactivation of Titanium Implant Surfaces: Methodological Approach and In Vitro Evaluation of Biocompatibility

“…The arithmetic roughness (R a ) of pure Ti6Al4V substrates was strongly dependent on mechanical treatments. An arithmetic roughness R a = 3.4 ± 0.17 µm could be explained by corundum blasting and resembled literature values with similar mechanical treatments [64][65][66]. Heterogeneous CaP coating formation for BCPx1 explained minor R a differences compared to the pure Ti6Al4V reference.…”

Effect of chemical and thermochemical treatments on the surface properties of commercially pure titanium

“…It is known that surface roughness influences the adhesion, growth, and cell proliferation processes [11,12]. Additionally, the combination of the chemical (or phase) composition and surface roughness also has an influence on the bioactivity of titanium implants [13]. The surface contact angle (wettability) is another key factor that influences this parameter [14].…”