Surface reactivity of Si nanowires

Sun, Xuhui; Peng, Hongying; Tang, Yiming; Shi, Wensheng; Wong, Ning‐Bew; Lee, C. S.; Lee, S. T.; Sham, Tsun‐Kong

doi:10.1063/1.1367402

Cited by 42 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Metal nanoparticles such as Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt or the alloy nanoparticles (e.g., Pd/Rh nanoparticles) can be easily self‐assembled on SiNW surface by simply immersing H‐terminated SiNWs in appropriate metal solutions . The surfaces of H‐terminated SiNWs (which can be obtained by HF treatment) exhibit interesting chemical reactivity towards reductive deposition of metal ions such as Ag, Cu, Pd, Pt, or alloys etc., giving rise to metal particles on SiNWs surfaces.…”

Section: Si Nanostructures In Energy Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron Soft X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Carbon and Silicon Nanostructures for Energy Applications

et al. 2014

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Carbon and silicon materials are two of the most important materials involved in the history of the science and technology development. In the last two decades, C and Si nanoscale materials, e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, and silicon nanowires, and quantum dots, have also emerged as the most interesting nanomaterials in nanoscience and nanotechnology for their myriad promising applications such as for electronics, sensors, biotechnology, etc. In particular, carbon and silicon nanostructures are being utilized in energy-related applications such as catalysis, batteries, solar cells, etc., with significant advances. Understanding of the nature of surface and electronic structures of nanostructures plays a key role in the development and improvement of energy conversion and storage nanosystems. Synchrotron soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and related techniques, such as X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM), show unique capability in revealing the surface and electronic structures of C and Si nanomaterials. In this review, XAS is demonstrated as a powerful technique for probing chemical bonding, the electronic structure, and the surface chemistry of carbon and silicon nanomaterials, which can greatly enhance the fundamental understanding and also applicability of these nanomaterials in energy applications. The focus is on the unique advantages of XAS as a complementary tool to conventional microscopy and spectroscopy for effectively providing chemical and structural information about carbon and silicon nanostructures. The employment of XAS for in situ, real-time study of property evolution of C and Si nanostructures to elucidate the mechanisms in energy conversion or storage processes is also discussed.

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Section: Si Nanostructures In Energy Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchrotron Soft X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Carbon and Silicon Nanostructures for Energy Applications

et al. 2014

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Surface properties of SiNWs, such as surface speciation, surface chemical reactivity, and especially surface stability are crucial for these applications. [7][8][9][10][11][12] For example, the high sensitivity and good reliability in terms of stability and reproducibility are important to any nanosensors. The presence of an unexpected oxidation process that induces uncontrolled interface states on the SiNW surface may provide a dielectric shell around the nanowires, which is adverse to the sensitivity and stability for nanosensors based on intrinsic SiNWs.…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Semiconducting nanowires hold significant promise as future building blocks for nanoscale devices. In particular, SiNWs have received considerable attention in recent years because of their potential applications in field-effect transistors, chemical and biological sensors, solar cells, photocatalysis, Li-ion battery electrodes, etc. − Surface properties of SiNWs, such as surface speciation, surface chemical reactivity, and especially surface stability are crucial for these applications. − For example, the high sensitivity and good reliability in terms of stability and reproducibility are important to any nanosensors. The presence of an unexpected oxidation process that induces uncontrolled interface states on the SiNW surface may provide a dielectric shell around the nanowires, which is adverse to the sensitivity and stability for nanosensors based on intrinsic SiNWs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of Hydrogen-Terminated Surfaces of Silicon Nanowires in Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2011

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The surface stability of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) is crucial to their applications in nanodevices, such as transistors, sensors, photovoltaic cells, Li-ion batteries, etc. In this study, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to systematically investigate the stability of H-terminated surfaces of SiNWs at room temperature in aqueous solutions of different pH values. The hydrogen-terminated surfaces of SiNWs show relatively poor stability in aqueous solution, which depends on the solution pH. The oxygen in the solution had little effect on the oxidation of SiNW surfaces. With pH value increases in the solution, H-terminated SiNWs exhibit a greater extent of oxidation with higher oxidation rate. In low pH solution (<7), the surface species Si-OH can abundantly and stably exist and the oxidation process follows a multistep process, while, in high pH solution, the oxidation immediately happens by the assist of high concentration OHto form SiO 2 rapidly. The comparison of the stability of the SiNWs to that of silicon wafers is also discussed.

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“…19,20 The dangling bonds on the exterior surface of silicon nanoneedles could bond with H + , and the surface would be hydrogen-passivated. 21 This is why amorphous silica shells could not be formed as shown in Fig. 1d.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Synthesis of Silicon Nanoneedles

Chen

Jiang

Shao

et al. 2007

Journal of Elec Materi

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Nanoneedles are novel silicon nanostructures. With the use of silicon monoxide as the starting material, a small quantity of deionized water as the reaction medium, and argon as the protection gas, silicon nanoneedles were successfully synthesized. The growth conditions were controlled at 490°C with a pressure of 3.2-3.5 MPa. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) and electron energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the as-grown nanoneedles had pyramidal tips with the diamond structure. The chemical composition at the pyramidal tip was silicon with a small amount of oxygen. Compared with single-crystal silicon, the Raman spectra of silicon nanoneedles were found to be downshifted because of their small size.

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Surface reactivity of Si nanowires

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Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Synchrotron Soft X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Carbon and Silicon Nanostructures for Energy Applications

Synchrotron Soft X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Carbon and Silicon Nanostructures for Energy Applications

Stability of Hydrogen-Terminated Surfaces of Silicon Nanowires in Aqueous Solutions

Synthesis of Silicon Nanoneedles

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