Surface Roughness of Different Composite Resins After Application of 15% Carbamide Peroxide and Brushing with Toothpaste: An In-Vitro Study

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of toothbrushing after application of 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) on the surface roughness of three types of composite resins.
 Materials and Methods: Twenty samples, measuring 4 mm in height and diameter, were fabricated of three composite resins namely microfilled (MF) Heliomolar HB, nanohybrid (NH) IPS Empress Direct and microhybrid (MH) Tetric Ceram HB. After polishing, the initial surface roughness was measured with a profilometer. The tray technique was used to apply 15% CP gel for 6 hours. Then, cleaning was carried out with an Oral-B electric toothbrush for 3 minutes in a tank containing a freshly mixed toothpaste. These procedures were repeated for 21 days. Then, the surface roughness was measured again and compared with the initial values. A mixed-design ANOVA model was used for the analysis of data (P<0.05).
 Results: The baseline roughness was significantly lower in MF compared to the NH and MH composites (P<0.001). Roughness increased in all study groups during the intervention period; however, this increase was not significant in the MH group (P=0.17). Furthermore, the increase in roughness in MF was smaller than that in NH (P<0.001) and MH (P=0.02) groups.
 Conclusions: The effect of intervention was more pronounced on NH and MH groups. Surface roughness changes were minor in MF composite resin.

Does the combination of whitening toothpaste and hydrogen peroxide bleaching increase the surface roughness and change the morphology of a nanofilled composite?

“…Some studies suggest that at-home or in-office bleaching treatments can increase the surface roughness of microfilled and microhybrid composites 18,19 . Moreover, evidence shows that dental bleaching with peroxide gels can modify the surface properties of nanofilled resins 20 .…”

Assessment of surface roughness and compressive strength of resin-based composite using different types of bleaching protocols.

“…An increase in the surface roughness may lead to gingivitis and periodontal problems through an increase in plaque accumulation. 21 In the present study, the effect of bleaching was evaluated on the surface roughness of three different types of bleaching protocols (22% CP and 14% HP) as at-Home bleaching technique and 25% in-Office professional HP bleaching. Although there was no statistical difference between all the groups in a matter of surface roughness, it has been noted that the surface roughness was increased after bleaching when compared with the control group.…”

Influence of surface treatment on the fluorescence of composite resins subjected to in situ bleaching

“…The structure of the resin matrix, bonding agent and filler particles have a direct impact on the surface smoothness of composite resins . Microhybrid and nanofilled composite resins are suitable for restorations in anterior and posterior regions and have good surface finishing .…”

“…The structure of the resin matrix, bonding agent and filler particles have a direct impact on the surface smoothness of composite resins . Microhybrid and nanofilled composite resins are suitable for restorations in anterior and posterior regions and have good surface finishing . However, properties such as color, fluorescence, and translucency are susceptible to change, and can be influenced by a number of factors such as filler particle size, the degree of conversion, and water sorption …”