Surface seiches in Flathead Lake

Kirillin, Georgiy; Lorang, Mark S.; Lippmann, Thomas; Gotschalk, Chris; Schimmelpfennig, Sebastian

doi:10.5194/hess-19-2605-2015

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…This approach avoids the interpolation of the numerical results in the water column. Note that the periods of the internal seiches identified at the surface are in a range completely different from the periods of the surface seiches (Kirillin et al, 2015). In general, the mode number of the horizontal oscillation corresponds to the number of lines where the surface elevation is zero (nodal lines).…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The internal seiche field in the changing South Aral Sea (2006–2013)

Roget

Khimchenko

Forcat

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Internal standing waves (seiches) in the South Aral Sea are studied for the first time. The study, based on numerical simulations and field data, focuses on two different campaigns: the first in autumn 2006, when the stratification was weak and there was a mild prevailing northeasterly wind, and the second in autumn 2013, when the stratification was strong and there was a mild easterly wind. Between these two campaigns, the sea surface level decreased by 3.2 m. The periods of the fundamental modes were identified as 36 and 14 h, respectively. In both years, either second or third vertical modes were found. In general, the vertical modes in 2013 were higher because of the broad and strong pycnocline. For both years, it was found that the deep quasi-homogeneous mixed upper layer could sustain internal waves under mild wind conditions. The observed first and second vertical modes in 2006 are the first and second horizontal modes and the second and third vertical modes in 2013 are the second and third horizontal modes. The results suggest that, due to sea level variations, the neck connecting the Chernyshev Bay to the main body of the lake can become a critical location for the development of a nodal line for all principal oscillation modes. Rotation effects on waves were not analyzed in this study.

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Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The internal seiche field in the changing South Aral Sea (2006–2013)

Roget

Khimchenko

Forcat

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…A persistent feature of predicted barotropic mode‐shapes in lakes of complex geometry are deflections that are localized to particular arms or reaches of the lake (e.g., Rudnev et al ; Carter and Lane ; Kirillin et al ). As seen in the present study, in some cases this could be a consequence of a decoupled mode; however, Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If inflows and outflows are minimal, internal (baroclinic) seiches are typically the chief driver of energy into the interior a lake (Wüest and Lorke ). Surface (barotropic) seiches do not contribute significantly to mass transport, but are studied for their role in re‐suspension of bottom sediments (Chung et al ), shoreline erosion (Kirillin et al ), coastal structure safety (Barberopoulou ), and estimation of lake level (e.g., to back‐calculate lake inflows; Carter and Lane ). Despite the broad analytical work on the subjects of both barotropic and baroclinic seiching for lakes of simple geometry (e.g., Chrystal ; Longuet‐Higgins ; Defant ), the study of more complex geometries has required both numerical techniques and detailed field studies (e.g., Rudnev et al ; Kirillin et al ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Seiche modes in multi‐armed lakes

Brenner

Laval

2018

Limnology & Oceanography

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The effect of multiple arms on standing wave patterns, or seiches, present within a lake is not easy to predict. This study examines free seiche modes in fjord‐type multi‐armed lakes in order to generalize features of the response of those lakes. To do so, the study develops a simplified analytical model that predicts modal frequencies and associated mode‐shapes based on idealized lake geometries. The model demonstrates that multi‐armed lakes are subject to two different types of behavior: a full‐lake response, in which all arms are active for all modes; and a decoupled response, in which seiching is constrained to only two arms of the lake for each mode. Which of the two behaviors is expressed depends on relative values of the travel time of a progressive shallow‐water wave in each arm. In general, a decoupled response will exist if the mode‐shape along a two‐armed extent of the lake contains a node exactly at the confluence point between those two arms. We show that the period and associated mode‐shape structure of the fundamental mode in multi‐armed lakes conforms to that of a simple elongated lake as predicted by Merian's formula, but higher modes are highly impacted by lake geometry. Depth and width variation within the arms can lead to localization of mode‐shapes, but this effect is distinct from the possible decoupled behavior. In some instances, it may be possible to apply the model to baroclinic modes which would then act as having a constant bottom depth equal to the surface layer depth.

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“…A bulk of observational evidence suggests that seiche modes with 1‐st horizontal wavenumber carry the dominant part of internal wave energy (Horn et al, ; Kirillin et al, ; Lemmin et al, ; Marchenko & Morozov, ; Rueda & Schladow, ; Roget et al, ). Thus, as a first approximation, only these modes are taken into account in a seiche parameterization.…”

Section: Mulitlayer Model For Basins With Vertical Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seiches cause a wide spectrum of temporal fluctuations of all thermodynamic, hydrodynamic, and biogeochemical quantities in lakes, with maximal magnitudes in thermocline and profound secondary circulations at shores (Ulloa et al, ). A large number of models has been developed (e.g., Horn et al, ; Kirillin et al, ; Lemmin et al, ; Rueda & Schladow, ) specifically for simulation of seiche currents, based on both layer‐wise and continuous representation of vertical density stratification. Typically those models have not been coupled to turbulence closures and thermodynamic models, in order to represent effect of seiches on vertical mixing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal Pressure Gradient Parameterization for One‐Dimensional Lake Models

Stepanenko

Valerio

Pilotti

2020

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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This work presents a new method for closure of horizontally averaged 1‐D thermohydrodynamic equations in an enclosed reservoir by parameterizing the horizontal pressure gradient usually omitted in 1‐D lake models. Horizontal pressure gradient is computed using an auxiliary multilayer model where horizontal structure of speed and pressure is given by 1‐st Fourier mode. A major effect of new parameterization in 1‐D lake model is the emergence of explicitly reproduced H1 seiche modes. The parameterization is implemented in the LAKE model, with minor (2–4%) extra computational cost imposed. The model is applied to Lake Iseo (Italy), and calculated temperature series are compared to measured ones in upper, middle, and deep portions of metalimnion. The amplitude of seiche‐induced temperature oscillations well matched the observed amplitude by tuning the bottom friction coefficient only. The synoptic variability of thermocline vertical displacement caused by wind events is well reproduced by the model. The dominant peak of quasi‐diurnal period in temperature power spectrum was captured in simulations as well. Using the new parameterization of horizontal pressure gradient extends the applicability of a 1‐D lake model formulation to small lakes, which size is less than internal Rossby radius, and where pressure gradient dominates over Coriolis force.

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Surface seiches in Flathead Lake

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

The internal seiche field in the changing South Aral Sea (2006–2013)

The internal seiche field in the changing South Aral Sea (2006–2013)

Seiche modes in multi‐armed lakes

Horizontal Pressure Gradient Parameterization for One‐Dimensional Lake Models

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