Surface tension measurements on liquid metals in microgravity

Egry, Iván; Lohoefer, G.; Schwartz, Elliot; Szekely, J.; Neuhaus, P.

doi:10.1007/s11663-998-0071-5

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…X Zr can be derived, is 21.5 at.%. Dissolved Zr can decrease the surface tension of liquid but also very limited, as reported by Egry et al [42], even the surface tension of Zr 64 Ni 36 M A N U S C R I P T…”

Section: Wettability Of Carbide Ceramics By Molten Nimentioning

confidence: 74%

Wetting of carbide ceramics (B4C, SiC, TiC and ZrC) by molten Ni at 1753 K

Lin

Sui

2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Section: Wettability Of Carbide Ceramics By Molten Nimentioning

confidence: 74%

Wetting of carbide ceramics (B4C, SiC, TiC and ZrC) by molten Ni at 1753 K

Lin

Sui

2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…The mode coupling by the internal circulation in axisymmetrically oscillating drop has been studied numerically by Mashayek & Ashgriz (1998) using the Galerkin/finiteelement technique. To reduce the strength of the AC field necessary for the levitation and, thus, to minimise the flow, experiments may be conducted under the microgravity conditions during parabolic flights or on the board of space station (Egry et al 1999). A cheaper alternative might be to apply a sufficiently strong DC magnetic field that can not only stabilise AC-driven flow but also suppress the convective heat and momentum transport responsible for the mode coupling under the terrestrial conditions as originally shown by Shatrov et al (2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillations of weakly viscous conducting liquid drops in a strong magnetic field

Priede

2011

J. Fluid Mech.

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We analyse small-amplitude oscillations of a weakly viscous electrically conducting liquid drop in a strong uniform DC magnetic field. An asymptotic solution is obtained showing that the magnetic field does not affect the shape eigenmodes, which remain the spherical harmonics as in the non-magnetic case. Strong magnetic field, however, constrains the liquid flow associated with the oscillations and, thus, reduces the oscillation frequencies by increasing effective inertia of the liquid. In such a field, liquid oscillates in a twodimensional (2D) way as solid columns aligned with the field. Two types of oscillations are possible: longitudinal and transversal to the field. Such oscillations are weakly damped by a strong magnetic field -the stronger the field, the weaker the damping, except for the axisymmetric transversal and inherently 2D modes. The former are overdamped because of being incompatible with the incompressibility constraint, whereas the latter are not affected at all because of being naturally invariant along the field. Since the magnetic damping for all other modes decreases inversely with the square of the field strength, viscous damping may become important in a sufficiently strong magnetic field. The viscous damping is found analytically by a simple energy dissipation approach which is shown for the longitudinal modes to be equivalent to a much more complicated eigenvalue perturbation technique. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of new measurement methods of surface tension, viscosity and the electrical conductivity of liquid metals using the oscillating drop technique in a strong superimposed DC magnetic field.

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“…Under terrestrial conditions the oscillation spectrum is more complicated, and frequencies are shifted due to external forces and the aspherical shape of the droplet, which complicates the quantitative analysis with respect to surface tension. Improved evaluation procedures have to be applied in order to obtain surface tension data with the same precision than in microgravity experiments [12,13]. However, measurements of viscosity in ground-based experiments could not be performed so far since the electromagnetically induced strong fluid flow is turbulent and the huge magnetic field causes an additional damping.…”

Section: Motivation and Scientific Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oscillating sample at three different times where the radii are marked by red lines (left). The time dependence of the sample diameter reveals a damped oscillation (right)[13].…”

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confidence: 99%

Experiment Preparation and Performance for the Electromagnetic Levitator (EML) Onboard the International Space Station

Diefenbach¹,

Schneider²,

Volkmann³

2020

Preparation of Space Experiments

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The electromagnetic levitation (EML) facility on board the ISS is a powerful tool for investigation of solidification phenomena of metallic melts and precise measurement of thermophysical properties of the liquid. Containerless processing enables deep undercoolings prior to solidification and the analysis of crystal nucleation and growth phenomena. The microgravity environment allows studying these processes under reduced fluid flow and moreover under different levels of melt convection by systematic variation of electromagnetic stirring. Material properties like density, specific heat, surface tension, viscosity, thermal and electrical conductivity of liquid metals and semiconductors are determined in the absence of disturbances caused by container walls and gravity forces. Scientists are supported by facility and mission specialists for preparation and performance, which is decisive for successful operation on orbit. User support comprises the determination of material data, development of experiment procedure, parameter sets and their validation in the ground model as well as the conduction of space experiments by real-time monitoring and control. The comprehensive support program for the entire life cycle of science project from experiment definition to its operation ensures high-quality data and an optimum of scientific results.

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Surface tension measurements on liquid metals in microgravity

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Wetting of carbide ceramics (B4C, SiC, TiC and ZrC) by molten Ni at 1753 K

Wetting of carbide ceramics (B4C, SiC, TiC and ZrC) by molten Ni at 1753 K

Oscillations of weakly viscous conducting liquid drops in a strong magnetic field

Experiment Preparation and Performance for the Electromagnetic Levitator (EML) Onboard the International Space Station

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