Surface wettability modification of amine-functionalized polyacrylonitrile fiber to enhance heterogeneous catalytic performance for aldol reaction in water

Engineering of polystyrene-supported acid–base catalysts for aldol condensation in water

“…Amine-functionalized polymers such as polystyrene, 17 poly(ethylene glycol), 15 chitosan, 18 and cellulose nanocrystal 19 have been synthesized and used as catalysts for aldol reaction in aqueous solutions. 20 To promote catalytic performance, neighboring hydroxyl or carboxylic acid groups were integrated into catalysts to achieve cooperative acid-base catalysis. [21][22][23][24] Jones and co-workers developed linear polymer catalysts combining weak acids and basic amines for aldol reactions.…”

Research Progress of Functional Polyacrylonitrile Fiber in Promoting Organic Reaction

“…王光伟课题组 [101] 设计并合成了负载不同季铵盐的 纤维催化剂 PANF-QAS (41), 并以硼氢化钠为还原剂, 图式 10 PANF@SPA&VImPW 的转化机理 Scheme 10 Conversion mechanism of the PANF@SPA&VImPW 图式 11 Ag NPs/CNFs 的制备工艺流程图 [100] Scheme 11 Scheme of the Ag NPs/CNFs preparation process [100] 将其用于催化水中醛、酮、芳基叠氮化物和苯基卤化物 等多种底物的还原反应(Eq. Arslan 等 [102] 通过原子层沉积法将 ZnO 纳米层涂覆 在 PANF 上, 然后通过溶胶凝胶反应在纳米层上形成功 能性的硫醇基团, 最后将各向异性的钯纳米立方体(Pd NC)修饰到 PANF 上, 最终制得催化剂 Pd@MPTMS@ ZnO@PAN-NF, 催化剂的制备过程如 Scheme 12 所示.…”

High‐Performance Heterogeneous Thermocatalysis Caused by Catalyst Wettability Regulation

“…Representative catalyst examples Hydrophilicity Enrichment of reactants HDO of vanillin [17][18][19] Pd/NPCÀ ZIF-8-900 with a TOF of 160 h À 1 and a selectivity of 80 % [17] Hydration of alkynes [20] P(QPOTfÀ BSA)-0.5 with 83 % yield of acetophenone in phenyl acetylene hydration [20a] Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of chlorobenzene and phenylboronic acid [21] Pd II @PTVPÀ MBA-0.4 with 98 % yield of biphenyl [21] Aldol reaction [22] PAN E FÀ PLA with a yield of 90.8 %, higher than that (37.5 %) of more hydrophobic PAN PMA F [22] Hydrogenation of nitrophenol [23] Pt@UiO-66@GO with faster reduction velocity (À 0.17403) than that (À 0.15837) of hydrophobic Pt@UiO-66@rGO [23] Rapid diffusion of products Dehydration of sorbitol [24a] SAÀ SiO 2 -60.5 with 100 % sorbitol conversion and 84 % yield of isosorbide [24a] Oxidation of HMF to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid [24b] Au 1 À Pd 1 @PECN with higher yield (99.0 %) than that (20.3 %) of hydrophobic Au 1 À Pd 1 @PDCN [24b] Hydrogenation of FA [25] Pd@S-1-OH with complete conversion of FA and more than 99.9 % of furan selectivity [25] Rapid formation of intermediates CO 2 hydrogenation [26] SiC QDs with a mass activity of 169.5 mmol g À 1 h À 1 , many times higher than that (0.1 mmol g À 1 h À 1 ) of hydrophobic SiC [26] Hydrophobicity Hydrophobicity…”

“…[21] Hydrophilic prolinamide-functionalized polyacrylonitrile fibers showed higher catalytic activity for aldol reactions due to the increased mass transfer of reactants to catalytic active sites. [22] For reactants with different wettability, Huo and co-workers designed corresponding homologous catalysts to control the catalytic performance of hydrogenation in 2018. [23] Due to the appropriate wettability and the resulting enhanced adsorption and transfer of reactants, the hydrophilic Pt@UiO-66@GO (WCA = 0°) tended to react with hydrophilic 4-nitrophenol with the reduction velocity of À 0.17403, faster than that of hydrophobic nitrobenzene (À 0.10851).…”