Surgical Anatomy of the Internal Thoracic Artery

The anatomic evaluation of internal mammarian artery by using multidetector CT angiography

“…In our study, we analyzed the CT angiography of the arcus aorta and its branches; thus, we could not demonstrate all side and end branches of the IMA, especially the superior epigastric artery. Henriquez-Pino et al (25) reported that the pericardiacophrenic artery originated from the IMA in 89% of 100 dissected cadavers.…”

Anomalous Origin of Left Internal Thoracic Artery from the Second Intercostal Artery

“…In a post-mortem study, Henriquez-Pino et al (1997) found that the LITA originated directly from the subclavian artery in 70% of cases and from a common trunk with other arteries in 30%. The LITA originated from the first portion of the subclavian artery in 92%, from the second portion in 7%, and from the third portion of the subclavian artery in 1%.…”

Conduits Used in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Review of Morphological Studies

“…44) This vessel has a reported length ranging from 14.32 to 19.48 cm. 4,20,45) A study by Henriquez et al using 100 bodies demonstrated that the length difference between the two ATI was minimal, reporting 20.7 cm in the left and 20.1 cm in the right. 45) Results of various morphological studies of ITA, where the luminal diameter and the thickness of the tunica intima and media are determined, are shown in Table 2.…”

“…4,20,45) A study by Henriquez et al using 100 bodies demonstrated that the length difference between the two ATI was minimal, reporting 20.7 cm in the left and 20.1 cm in the right. 45) Results of various morphological studies of ITA, where the luminal diameter and the thickness of the tunica intima and media are determined, are shown in Table 2. The luminal diameter in the proximal segment varies from 2.12 to 2.75 mm and 1.03 mm to 1.75 mm in the distal segment.…”