Surgical Repair of a Congenital Sternal Cleft in a Cat

Schwarzkopf, Ilona; Bavegems, Valérie; Vandekerckhove, Peter; Melis, Sanne; Cornillie, Pieter; Rooster, H. de

doi:10.1111/j.1532-950x.2014.12226.x

Cited by 8 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Primary closure of the sternum, such as described in the study of Schwarzkopf et al (2-month-old kitten), would be difficult to impossible, particularly primarily in such a case. 3 Cardiovascular and pulmonary consequences would be expected. As the queen is 4 years old and has been asymptomatic to date, it was decided to choose a conservative approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital cranial ventral abdominal hernia, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia and sternal cleft in a 4-year-old multiparous pregnant queen

Bismuth

Deroy

2017

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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Case summaryCranial ventral midline hernias, most often congenital, can be associated with other congenital abnormalities, such as sternal, diaphragmatic or cardiac malformations. A 4-year-old multiparous queen with a substernal hernia was admitted for evaluation of a mammary mass. During CT examination, a bifid sternum, the abdominal hernia containing the intestines, spleen, omentum, three fetuses, a mammary mass and an incidental peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia were identified. Surgery consisted of a standard ovariohysterectomy and repair of the peritoneopericardial hernia. Primary closure of the abdominal hernia was attempted but deemed impossible even after the ovariohysterectomy, splenectomy and a partial omentectomy. An external abdominal oblique muscle flap was used to close with no tension on the cranial part of the hernia. One month postoperatively, the queen had no respiratory abnormalities and the herniorrhaphy was fully healed.Relevance and novel informationThis case is the first description of a 4-year-old multiparous pregnant queen with complex congenital malformations and surgical correction of a peritoneopericardial hernia and a 6 × 8 cmsubsternal hernia with an external abdominal oblique muscle flap. Life-threatening sequelae associated with large abdominal hernias can be attributed to space-occupying effects known as loss of domain and compartment syndrome, which is why a muscle flap was used in this case. The sternal cleft was not repaired because of the size of the cleft and the age of the cat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital cranial ventral abdominal hernia, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia and sternal cleft in a 4-year-old multiparous pregnant queen

Bismuth

Deroy

2017

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports

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“…The only other abnormality found was the presence of an abdominal wall hernia. 2 For this previously reported kitten, the defect was managed successfully with surgery. Surgical treatment involved excision of the thoracic skin overlying the defect, primary closure of the abdominal wall defect and closure of the sternal defect by the creation and approximation of lateral periosteal flaps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…12-14 19 20 To the authors' knowledge, there has only been one other report of sternal cleft in a feline. 2 The feline was a two-month-old, male, intact Ragdoll kitten with no clinical complaints other than the heartbeat noted immediately beneath the thoracic skin. The only other abnormality found was the presence of an abdominal wall hernia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cleft sternum is an extremely rare condition of dogs and cats, and very few cases have been reported in the veterinary literature. [1][2][3][4][5] Although a poor outcome was achieved in this case, surgical repair of cleft sternum is indicated in small animals. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The death of the kitten reported here may not have been avoidable, and the presence of multiple congenital abnormalities likely influenced the outcome in this case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Although a poor outcome was achieved in this case, surgical repair of cleft sternum is indicated in small animals. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The death of the kitten reported here may not have been avoidable, and the presence of multiple congenital abnormalities likely influenced the outcome in this case. Knowledge of all of the concurrent defects that may accompany a diagnosis of cleft sternum can aid the small animal surgeon in operative and perioperative decision-making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital cleft sternum with diaphragmatic hernia and radial hemimelia in a kitten

Weber¹,

Phillips²

2019

Vet Record Case Reports

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A four-month-old male intact domestic shorthair kitten was presented for deformity of the right thoracic limb. Severe carpal varus was noted, and palpation of the ventral thorax revealed the sternum to be divided caudally. The heartbeat was palpable beneath the skin in the expanse created by the sternal division. Incomplete caudal sternal cleft with diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed. At surgery, herniation of the gall bladder and portions of the liver into the thoracic cavity were noted. The medial aspects of the sternal bars were abraded with rongeurs, and interrupted sutures were placed around the sternebrae to close the thorax following placement of a thoracostomy tube. The diaphragm and abdomen were also closed primarily. The kitten died postoperatively and was found to have acute pulmonary and cardiac lesions. Primary surgical closure is possible, and patients should be monitored carefully in the postoperative period.

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Combined pentalogy of Cantrell with ectrodactyly and surgical implant‐free repair of a sternal cleft and supraumbilical hernia in an adult cat

Kokkinos

Pratschke

2022

Vet Record Case Reports

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A 20-month-old, British shorthair cat was presented for treatment of a ventral thoracic wall defect. Physical examination showed cleft sternum with supraumbilical body wall defect, an immediately palpable heart under the skin between the cleft halves and a unilateral forelimb ectrodactyly. Survey radiographs and sonographic examination revealed ectopia cordis associated with the sternal cleft, a supraumbilical abdominal hernia, ventral diaphragmatic defect and cardiac abnormalities. Radiography of the dysostotic limb confirmed ectrodactyly. Surgery involved reconstruction of the ventral body wall defects using a transversus abdominis muscle flap supported by an omental flap. Clinical, imaging and intraoperative findings supported the diagnosis of complete pentalogy of Cantrell. The cat recovered from surgery uneventfully and periodic follow-ups to 17 months after surgery confirmed a good outcome. INVESTIGATIONSOrthogonal radiographic views of the chest, abdomen and deformed limb were taken under general anaesthesia before

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Surgical Repair of a Congenital Sternal Cleft in a Cat

Abstract: Sternal cleft is a rare congenital abnormality that can be corrected surgically with favorable outcome.

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Congenital cranial ventral abdominal hernia, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia and sternal cleft in a 4-year-old multiparous pregnant queen

Congenital cranial ventral abdominal hernia, peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia and sternal cleft in a 4-year-old multiparous pregnant queen

Congenital cleft sternum with diaphragmatic hernia and radial hemimelia in a kitten

Combined pentalogy of Cantrell with ectrodactyly and surgical implant‐free repair of a sternal cleft and supraumbilical hernia in an adult cat

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