2018
DOI: 10.1037/pag0000316
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Surprisal modulates dual-task performance in older adults: Pupillometry shows age-related trade-offs in task performance and time-course of language processing.

Abstract: Even though older adults are known to have difficulty at language processing when a secondary task has to be performed simultaneously, few studies have addressed how older adults process language in dual-task demands when linguistic load is systematically varied. Here, we manipulated surprisal, an information theoretic measure that quantifies the amount of new information conveyed by a word, to investigate how linguistic load affects younger and older adults during early and late stages of sentence processing … Show more

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Cited by 5 publications
(18 citation statements)
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References 57 publications
(112 reference statements)
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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that aging impairs comprehension of words or sentence fragments that are unexpected based on semantic constraints of prior context (Federmeier et al., 2002, 2010; Federmeier and Kutas, 2005; Wlotko et al., 2012). In addition, such age-related comprehension impairments are more likely to occur under more demanding processing conditions, such as in a dual-task situation when the execution of a secondary task additionally taxes cognitive resources (Tun et al., 2002, 2009; Häuser et al., 2018). The (un)predictability of a word is often assessed by means of cloze probability ratings, where native speakers are asked to continue sentence fragments with the word that comes to mind first.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that aging impairs comprehension of words or sentence fragments that are unexpected based on semantic constraints of prior context (Federmeier et al., 2002, 2010; Federmeier and Kutas, 2005; Wlotko et al., 2012). In addition, such age-related comprehension impairments are more likely to occur under more demanding processing conditions, such as in a dual-task situation when the execution of a secondary task additionally taxes cognitive resources (Tun et al., 2002, 2009; Häuser et al., 2018). The (un)predictability of a word is often assessed by means of cloze probability ratings, where native speakers are asked to continue sentence fragments with the word that comes to mind first.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to these findings from ERPs, a large body of behavioral research has shown that age-related difficulties with processing unexpected linguistic input are exacerbated by more demanding conditions. Among such conditions are, for example, situations when the speech signal is acoustically degraded (Pichora-Fuller et al., 1995; Tun, 1998; Tun et al., 2002; Benichov et al., 2012; for review, see Tun et al., 2012), or when a secondary task has to be performed at the same time (Wingfield et al., 1985; Tun et al., 1991, 2002; Häuser et al., 2018). According to these studies, older adults rely strongly on contextual constraints during more demanding processing conditions, and experience disproportionate integration difficulties when target words do not match with prior context, or when no semantic context is available that could facilitate processing of upcoming words (Wingfield et al., 1991; Pichora-Fuller, 2008; Lash et al., 2013).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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