Surveillance and Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Lim, Jane; Singal, Amit G.

doi:10.1002/cld.761

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Surveillance consists of abdominal ultrasonography every six months either with or without alpha fetoprotein (AFP) measurement. Patients who have a lesion ≥ 1 cm or AFP measurement ≥ 20 ng/mL are recommended to undergo further diagnostic evaluation with multiphasic computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen [8,9]. In some instances, HCC can be diagnosed radiographically via LI-RADS criteria (LR-5 is diagnostic), which consists of imaging findings of washout, enhancing capsule, and threshold growth in addition to overall size diameter increase over the course of months [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some instances, HCC can be diagnosed radiographically via LI-RADS criteria (LR-5 is diagnostic), which consists of imaging findings of washout, enhancing capsule, and threshold growth in addition to overall size diameter increase over the course of months [10]. In instances in which lesions are indeterminate or cannot be diagnosed radiographically, patients typically undergo either biopsy or close interval repeat imaging [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Aryan¹,

Altshuler²,

Qian³

et al. 2022

Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Challenges and Opportunities of a Multidisciplinary Approach

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and represents the fourth most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Treatment of HCC is dictated based upon cancer stage, with the most universally accepted staging system being the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. This system takes into account tumor burden, active liver function, and patient performance status. BCLC stage C HCC is deemed advanced disease, which is often characterized by preserved liver function (Child-Pugh A or B) with potential portal invasion, extrahepatic spread, cancer related symptoms, or decreased performance status. Sorafenib has been the standard treatment for advanced HCC over the past decade; however, its use is limited by low response rates, decreased tolerance, and limited survival benefit. Researchers and clinicians have been investigating effective treatment modalities for HCC over the past several years with a focus on systemic regimens, locoregional therapy, and invasive approaches. In this systemic review, we discuss the management of advanced HCC as well as the ongoing research on various treatment opportunities for these patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Aryan¹,

Altshuler²,

Qian³

et al. 2022

Hepatocellular Carcinoma - Challenges and Opportunities of a Multidisciplinary Approach

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“…It is also important to note that patients with NAFLD and cirrhosis are at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma and other complications, so additional screening programs may need to be considered. 24 , 25 , 26…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis Test to Estimate Advanced Fibrosis Among Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

et al. 2021

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“…Major risk factors for HCC include chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcohol-related liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) 9,10 . The vast majority of HCC tumors arise within cirrhotic livers, however HCC may also arise in the absence of cirrhosis, particularly in patients with chronic HBV infection and NAFLD [11][12][13] . There are also well-established disparities in the incidence of HCC, with the highest rates observed in men and in racial and ethnic minorities 14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%