Surveillance and impact of occult hepatitis B virus, SEN virus, and torque teno virus in Egyptian hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Amer, Fatma; Yousif, Monkez M; Mohtady, Heba A.; Khattab, Rania Abdelmonem; Karagöz, Ergenekon; Ayaz, Khan F.M.; Hammad, Noha M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.12.011

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The estimated serological prevalence of co-infection between HBV and HCV ranges from 5% to 10% In general population and from 2% to 10% in positive HCV cases with detected RNA (Abdelaal et al, 2019;Caccamo et al, 2014;Lee, Hsu, et al, 2018). Some studies have found a high prevalence (22%-87%) of OBI in patients infected with HCV (Almeida et al, 2019;Amer et al, 2020Amer et al, , 2019Raimondo et al, 2005;Torbenson & Thomas, 2002). This is concerning, since the presence of OBI in individuals co-infected with HCV could cause reactivation of HBV and increase the progression to cirrhosis and HCC (Chen et al, 2019;Lee & Kwon, 2013).…”

Section: Obi/hcv Co -Infection Hbv Reactivation and Its Clinical Comp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The molecular mechanisms involved in the reactivation of HBV, especially OBI, in HCV co-infected patients undergoing HCV treatment are still not well defined. The main theory is that HBV is chronically suppressed by HCV infection, with alternating phases of dominance from one virus to the other, due to the ability of core HCV protein to suppress HBV replication (Amer et al, 2020;Fung et al, 2017;. Host genes and immune regulation can also mediate the inhibition of HBV in cases of OBI.…”

Section: Obi/hcv Co -Infection Hbv Reactivation and Its Clinical Comp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review

Almeida

Paula

2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum or liver but negativity for hepatitis B surface antigen. OBI, which is thought to be maintained by host, immunological, viral and/or epigenetic factors, is one of the most challenging clinical features in the study of viral hepatitis. Currently, there is no validated detection test for OBI. It is believed that OBI is widely distributed throughout the world, with a higher prevalence in populations at high-risk HBV, but the detailed worldwide prevalence patterns are unknown. We conducted a survey of recently published studies on OBI rates across all continents.High prevalence rates of OBI are observed in some specific groups, including patients with hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus co-infection or hepatocellular carcinoma. In 2016, the World Health Organization adopted strategies to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030, but the difficulties in detecting and treating OBI currently challenge this goal. Subjects with OBI can transmit HBV, and episodes of reactivation can occur. Further studies to understanding the mechanisms that drive the development of OBI are needed and can contribute to efforts at eliminating viral hepatitis.

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Section: Obi/hcv Co -Infection Hbv Reactivation and Its Clinical Comp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Obi/hcv Co -Infection Hbv Reactivation and Its Clinical Comp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review

Almeida

Paula

2022

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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“…The highest occurrence of OBI was noted among HCV‐infected patients, 51 and in those who undergo maintenance hemodialysis 52 . In Egypt, several studies have reported a high incidence of OBI among these classes of patients, ranging from a low rate at 4.1% to a high rate of 50.8% 53–57 …”

Section: Hbv/hepatitis D Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current situation of viral hepatitis in Egypt

Elbahrawy

Ibrahim

Eliwa

et al. 2021

Microbiology and Immunology

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An estimated 8–10 million people suffer from viral hepatitis in Egypt. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are the major causes of viral hepatitis in Egypt as 50% or more of the Egyptian population are already exposed to HAV infection by the age of 15. In addition, over 60% of the Egyptian population test seropositive for anti‐HEV in the first decade of life. HEV mainly causes self‐limiting hepatitis; however, cases of fulminant hepatitis and liver failure were reported in Egypt. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) are the main causes of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) in Egypt. Globally, Egypt had the highest age‐standardized death rate due to cirrhosis from 1990 to 2017. The prevalence rate of HBV (1.3%–1.5%) has declined after national infantile immunization. Coinfection of HBV patients with HDV is common in Egypt because HDV antibodies (IgG) vary in range from 8.3% to 43% among total HBV patients. After the conduction of multiple national programs to control HCV infection, a lower rate of HCV prevalence (4.6%) was recently reported. Data about the incidence of HCV after treatment with direct antiviral agents (DAAs) are lacking. An HCC incidence of 29/1000/year in cirrhotic patients after DAA treatment is reported. A higher rate of infiltrative pattern among HCC patients after DAA treatment is also recognized. Viral hepatitis is one of the major public health concerns in Egypt that needs more attention and funding from health policymakers.

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“…Also, the innumerable usefulness of hemodialysis for patients with renal failure. Those two procedures are considered majorsources for blood-borne infections, by different ways as the equipment, surfaces, and personnel, not only for HCV and HBV but also for SENV and TTV 3,9, 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of SEN Virus and Torque Teno Virus in Hemodialysis Patients and Healthy Blood Donors in Menoufia University Hospitals

Elaskary

Elgendy²,

Elbassal³

et al. 2023

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background: Blood transfusion and hemodialysis are considered major sources for blood-borne infections by different ways as the equipment, surfaces, and personnel, not only for HCV and HBV but also for SENV and TTV. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of SENV-D/H and TTV among HD patients and blood Donors (control group) in relation to HBV and HCV infection in Menoufia University Hospitals. Methodology: Serum samples from all tested HD patients and blood donors were investigated for ALT, AST by automated chemistry analyzer, anti HBsAg. and HCV antibodies by immunoassay. Also, SENV-D/H and TTV were detected by nested PCR. Results: Total SENV prevalence was 67.5% & 9.6% for HD patients and controls respectively. TTV had a prevalence of 38.9% in HD group and 17.8% in controls. SENV& TTV coinfection was 12.1% and 3.8% for HD patients and controls respectively. Non-significant association between different SENV genotypes, TTV infections and HBV or HCV infections. The positivity of SENV and TTV infections were significantly related to increased duration of hemodialysis, history of blood transfusion and elevated AST and ALT. Conclusions: SENV and TTV are more prevalent in hemodialysis patients than controls. Duration of hemodialysis, history of blood transfusion, and elevated ALT and AST are significantly related to SENV and TTV infection. They have non-significant role in increasing the severity of HBV or HCV infection among hemodialysis patients.

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Surveillance and impact of occult hepatitis B virus, SEN virus, and torque teno virus in Egyptian hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 52 publications

Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review

Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review

Current situation of viral hepatitis in Egypt

Prevalence of SEN Virus and Torque Teno Virus in Hemodialysis Patients and Healthy Blood Donors in Menoufia University Hospitals

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