Survey of energy use and costs in rural kenya for community microgrid business model development

Acker, Vincent Van; Szablya, Steve; Louie, Henry; Sloughter, J. McLean; Pirbhai, Ayesha S.

doi:10.1109/ghtc.2014.6970277

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The application of proxy techniques to obtain some crucial indicators of energy need assessment, as foreseen in the proposed methodology, is supported, among others, by a study on residential energy use and costs in 2013 in Kenya, with particular regard to the willingness to pay for a given service [42]. The survey did not, in fact, directly ask what the respondent would be willing to pay for recharge portable battery kits service, whose answers are considered as uniformed, unrealistic and inconsistent in areas without previous access to the proposed service, rather it was deduced from current expense levels and feedback from the focus groups.…”

Section: Process Of Load Profiling In Greenfield Projectsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Methodology for the Energy Need Assessment to Effectively Design and Deploy Mini-Grids for Rural Electrification

et al. 2019

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In order to successfully deploy a large number of decentralized energy systems in developing countries, it is necessary to standardize effective methodologies and procedures to develop off-grid/mini-grid systems. Considering that the energy need assessment provides inputs and assumptions used in business modelling and mini-grid design, the accuracy of its results directly affects the technical and financial feasibility studies. Thus, the approach for applying a proven methodology for the energy need assessment of rural communities is aimed at obtaining reliable input data for the mini-grid development. This helps in reducing both the financial challenges by mitigating the uncertainties in electricity demand and the technical challenges by contributing to adequately size off-grid power generation systems, with a view to boost toward a common overall objective of mini-grid’s optimization methods and tools. Hence, taking into consideration that target communities differ in terms of needs and context conditions, the proposed paper describes an inclusive methodology that can be adapted case-by-case. It provides an effective applied solution the lack of proven guidelines from project developers or literature, giving priority to data collection methods able to achieve a large sample representative of the market, with high accuracy in estimating the energy consumptions from electricity substitutes.

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Section: Process Of Load Profiling In Greenfield Projectsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Methodology for the Energy Need Assessment to Effectively Design and Deploy Mini-Grids for Rural Electrification

et al. 2019

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“…Generally, the collection of reliable energy cost information for rural non-electrified settlements prevents the market entry and the interest of larger energy supplier. Therefore, the publication should provide a program helping the target community and interested entities to develop either alone or together a viable energy supply concept for the settlements [5].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of Synthetic Electrical Load Profiles for Rural Communities in Developing Countries - Applied in Fiji

Norta¹,

Kopietz²,

Hien³

et al. 2024

RE&PQJ

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Abstract. The electricity supply of developing countries undergoes massive changes. Due to the high dependency on fossil fuel imports, a lot of developing nations support the implementation of renewable generation schemes. To install an economical generation setup the generation capacity, as well as the consumption has to be balanced. Due to the often weak electricity infrastructure like the non-availability of a grid connection the systems have to operate most likely in the standalone mode. Therefore, it is important to predict the consumption patterns of the supplied society. A program to create easily synthesized load profiles for a target community, by collecting simple information about the connected consumers and operation times, is proposed to help within the design process of a power system.

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“…Especially for villages located in very remote areas, kerosene may be difficult and costly to obtain and therefore the use of battery-powered flashlights is more common (Carbon Africa Limited et al, 2015;Harrison, Scott, & Hogarth, 2016). An average monthly consumption of respectively 4.3 and 6.7 dry cell batteries is assumed for households, and businesses/institutions (Carbon Africa Limited et al, 2015;Van Acker, Szablya, Louie, McLean Sloughter, & Pirbhai, 2014). Additionally, 5% of businesses and institutions are assumed to use diesel generators with a daily consumption of 2.78 L/user/day (Carbon Africa Limited et al, 2015;Economic Consulting Associates et al, 2014;Pueyo & DeMartino, 2018), while 25% of businesses and 13% of households have been considered to use Solar Home Systems (SHS) of 20 Wp capacity and a 22 Wh Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery (Carbon Africa Limited et al, 2015; M-KOPA Solar, 2018).…”

Section: Baseline Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable development impacts of nationally determined contributions: assessing the case of mini-grids in Kenya

et al. 2019

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As of today, access to electricity is still unavailable to 1.1 billion people in the world, half of which live in Sub-Saharan Africa. Projections suggest that this share will increase, leaving millions of people with limited development prospects. Kenya's nationally determined contribution (NDC) to the 2015 Paris Agreement includes a commitment to expand power supply, and in doing so, provide all its citizens with access to electricity. Access in rural areas, where the majority remains unconnected, is planned to be reached through different technologies. These include mini-grids, which are expected to bring multiple sustainable development benefits. However, comprehensive studies looking at synergies and trade-offs between environmental, social, and economic impacts of mini-grids are scarce. Analyzing the expected contribution of mini-grids to targets such as the NDC and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can provide evidence-based decision-support to policymakers, thus promoting well-designed and sustainable rural electrification policies. By using the Initiative for Climate Action Transparency (ICAT) Sustainable Development Methodology, this paper goes beyond the calculation of greenhouse gas (GHG) impacts resulting from access to modern electricity, analyzing also other environmental and socioeconomic implications of 146 solar PV mini grids under construction in Kenya. Using specific targets from the SDG framework, the paper presents a combined qualitative and quantitative analysis of the extent to which mini-grids can contribute to the implementation of Kenya's NDC and to sustainable development priorities. Key policy insights • The deployment of mini-grids is expected to lower the GHG emissions of the villages currently without access to electricity by 71%. • This contributes to 0.4% of the current NDC target for the power sector, in line with the capacity of the systems analyzed. • This action is expected to also bring about positive impacts on electricity access, indoor air quality, healthcare, education and economic activities, which are found to contribute to 16 SDG targets. • Apart from the economic investment required, possible negative impacts are associated with the electronic waste generated at the end-of-life of the mini-grids. • Accounting for sustainable development impacts of policies can increase support among policymakers for climate action, and ultimately raise ambition.

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Survey of energy use and costs in rural kenya for community microgrid business model development

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Methodology for the Energy Need Assessment to Effectively Design and Deploy Mini-Grids for Rural Electrification

Methodology for the Energy Need Assessment to Effectively Design and Deploy Mini-Grids for Rural Electrification

Generation of Synthetic Electrical Load Profiles for Rural Communities in Developing Countries - Applied in Fiji

Sustainable development impacts of nationally determined contributions: assessing the case of mini-grids in Kenya

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