Survey of Environmental Effects in Railway Communications

Fernández, Nerea Gualda; Arrizabalaga, Saioa; Añorga, Javier; Goya, Jon; Adin, Iñigo; Mendizábal, Jaizki

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-90371-2_7

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Due to the complexities of modern cellular systems such as LTE, as well as the numerous diverse environmental conditions, there are a large number of factors that can potentially affect the association between train velocity and achieved link throughput. Fernandez et al [7] present a survey of environmental effects particular to wireless communication in an railway setting. There have been a number of high-speed train radio channels measurement campaigns conducted, for which Wang et al [8] provide a survey.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Between Train Velocity and Cellular Link Throughput - An Extensive Study

Garcia

Sundberg

Brunström

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

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Providing reliable internet connectivity to train passengers can be handled with onboard aggregation routers that use multiple external antennas to simultaneously convey user traffic over multiple links. This work studies the operational characteristics of a large-scale deployment of such a system. The examination focuses on how train velocity is associated with achieved link throughput, and how various interaction effects influence the relationship. A large data set collected over three years is analyzed, indicating that there is a systematic association between train velocity and link throughput that varies over the radio conditions and which is also linked to differences between operators.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Between Train Velocity and Cellular Link Throughput - An Extensive Study

Garcia

Sundberg

Brunström

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

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“…Because of the environment, the desired signal can be perturbed by different effects as Figure 4 shows, such as multipath or scatters. Some possible scenarios that cause these effects are [19]:…”

Section: Characterization Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cutting (also called U-shape cutting): a semi-enclosed construction usually with two slopes along the track, constituting a common scenario in HSR environments [23,24]. Some possible scenarios that cause these effects are [19]:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Railway Wireless Communications Channel Characterization

et al. 2021

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Railway applications are in continuous evolution with the aim of offering a more efficient, sustainable, and safer transportation system for the users. Generally, these applications are constantly exchanging information between the systems onboard the train and the trackside through a wireless communication. Nowadays, Global System for Mobile communications-Railway (GSM-R) is the technology used by European Train Control System (ETCS), but it is becoming obsolete. Therefore, alternatives for this technology have to be found for the different railway applications. Its natural evolution is to move forward with the latest technology deployed: Long-Term Evolution (LTE), which the Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN) have already deployed. Therefore, testing the performance of this communication technology in the railway environment could be useful to assess its suitability and reduce the cost of railway network dedicated deployment. In order to do that, a methodology to characterize the communication environment is proposed. The main goal is to measure geolocated impairments of any communication channel in a railway environment being able to determine its behavior of the different communication technologies and find out possible coverage issues. Moreover, it could help in the selection of suitable communication technology for railway. This paper presents a brief description of the communication for railways and its QoS parameters for performance measuring. Afterward, the testing methodology is described, and then, the communication channel measurement campaign on a real track in Spain where the railway environment is variable is presented (tunnels, rural/urban area…). Finally, the measurements and results on this real track in Spain are shown. The results provide suitability of the 4G technologies based on the delay requirements for the implementation of ETCS over it.

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“…Radio propagation aspects, cell load, transient environmental conditions, and UE capabilities are factors that may have influence on the obtained link capacity. Fernandez et al [7] present a survey of environmental effects particular to wireless communication in a railway setting. Using a test train to perform trial runs towards an eNodeB under their control, Dominguez et al [5] performs an active characterization of LTE characteristics as observed by the train.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

LTE for Trains - Performance Interactions Examined with DL, ML and Resampling

Garcia

Sundberg

Brunström

2019

2019 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

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Current LTE networks provide a large fraction of the mobile communication needs. One recent application area that have attained additional interest is the provision of mobile communication services to train passengers. To allow more efficient use of network resources and better onboard communication experience, onboard traffic aggregation can be performed. In this work we examine a large-scale operational data set from a routerbased LTE traffic aggregation system mounted onboard more than 100 trains belonging to a major Swedish train operator. We use both deep learning (DL) with Deep Neural Networks and traditional machine learning (ML) with Random Forests to examine an observed association between train velocity and achieved throughput, which curiously varies over different radio conditions. More than 37000 train journeys are analyzed to explore for structure and learn potential explanatory features. The results indicate that the association has a limited presence on a per cell basis, and that there is only a limited amount of learnable structure per cell. A resampling evaluation shows that the association becomes apparent when cell measurements are aggregated at an order of tens to a hundred cells.

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Survey of Environmental Effects in Railway Communications

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Interactions Between Train Velocity and Cellular Link Throughput - An Extensive Study

Interactions Between Train Velocity and Cellular Link Throughput - An Extensive Study

Railway Wireless Communications Channel Characterization

LTE for Trains - Performance Interactions Examined with DL, ML and Resampling

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