Survey of the anticoccidial feed additive nicarbazin (as dinitrocarbanilide residues) in poultry and eggs

Abstract

14 15 A survey was carried out on the occurrence of dinitrocarbanilide (DNC) the marker residue for 16 nicarbazin, in poultry produced in Ireland during the years 2002 to 2004. Liver (n = 736) and breast 17 muscle samples (n = 342) were tested. DNC residues were found in 40% and 26% of liver and 18 breast muscle samples at levels greater than 12.5 and 5 µg kg-1 , respectively. DNC residues were 19 found at >200 µg kg-1 in 12 and 0% of liver and muscle samples, respectively. Samples of breast 20 muscle (n = 217) imported from 11 countries were also tested for DNC residues. A lower incidence 21 of DNC residues (6%) was found in imported breast muscle. Egg samples (n = 546) were tested 22 and DNC residues were found in nine samples, with levels ranging between 14 and 122 µg kg-1. 23 Analysis of poultry, carried out as part of official food inspection in the period 2004 to 2006, 24 indicated a reduction in the number of broiler liver samples containing DNC at >200 µg kg-1 , to 25 approximately 7%. Low levels of DNC residues continue to be found in <2% of egg samples. 26 27 dimethylpyrimidine (HDP). It is administered to poultry in feed for the prophylactic treatment of 30 coccidiosis. Coccidiosis is an infectious disease caused by a microscopic protozoan parasite, 31 which damages the intestinal tract of the bird, causing illness and sometimes death. Intensively 32

Residue control of coccidiostats in food of animal origin in Poland during 2007–2010

“…In the period 2006-2008, nicarbazin was responsible for 66.8% of non-compliant results in the EU. According to the results of official control (SANCO/1313, SANCO/3269/2008, EFSA 2009) and scientific studies (Danaher et al 2008), the proper use of this coccidiostat is still a serious problem in some countries (France, UK, Ireland and Portugal). However, in the field of newly established MRLs (Commission Regulation 885/2010), such a common occurrence of nicarbazin residues will no longer require administration actions.…”

Veterinary drug residues in domestic and imported foods of animal origin in the Republic of Korea

“…The sum of the concentrations of toltrazuril and metabolites showed residue violation in three domestic chicken livers at levels of 1550 µg kg −1 to 2330 µg kg −1 . Nicarbazin has been used worldwide for coccidiosis prevention in chickens (Danaher et al 2008) and Korean MRLs of 200 µg kg −1 were established in chicken muscle, liver, skin and kidneys. The substance that was detected in imported egg products should be assessed for tolerance in eggs (Table 6).…”

Anticoccidial activity of <i>Khaya senegalensis</i>, <i>Senna siamea</i> and <i>Chamaecrista rotundifolia</i> in chicken (<i>Gallus gallus</i>)

“…Coccidiosis prevention and control measures are based on the use of anticoccidial products in the feed and the routine anticoccidial preventive treatment and vaccination. However, Eimeria resistant strain emergence (Bichet et al, 2003, Chapman, 2007, Abbas, 2008, the presence of drug residues in poultry products (Cannavan et al, 2000, Mortier et al, 2005Danaher et al, 2008) prejudicial to consumer health and the sub-clinical form of the disease caused by the replication of coccidia vaccine strains in enterocytes with necrotic enteritis (Shirley et al, 2007 Bostvironnois andZadjian 2011), pose serious threats to the chicken sector. In addition, the economic incidence of the disease is estimated at 2.3 billion Euros worldwide, with 70% of the losses attributable to the subclinical form of the disease, which depresses body weight gain and food consumption (Sorensen et al, 2006).…”