“…As a bridge connecting the physical real world and digital virtual space (Grieves, 2005;Tuegel et al, 2011), the digital twin technology enhances the self-perception, decision-making, and evolution capabilities of a power grid through modeling, simulation, and manipulation in virtual space, which can effectively support the data-driven digital twin research and various digital operations (Snijders et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020). The real-time calculation and analysis capabilities of digital twins can strengthen our understanding of the current and planned states of the power grid and improve the decision-making of operation and planning (Nguyen et al, 2021). It can be said that the construction of the power digital twin is an effective way to realize digital power grid and promote the construction of smart power grid (He et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2021).…”