Surveyed from Afar: Household water security, emotional well-being, and the reliability of water supply in the Ethiopian lowlands

Libey, Anna; Kebede, Abinet; Ibrahim, Jemal; Hutchings, Paul; Mekonta, Lemessa; Butterworth, John; Thomas, Evan

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114059

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Second, using each cross-sectional wave individually, we estimated linear regressions to estimate the relationships between key household water use behaviors and characteristics and experienced HWI. We used a linear regression model to allow for the inclusion of the whole range of HWISE score outcomes [36,38,39] and to facilitate the panel fixed-effects regression analysis. As a robustness check, we re-estimated our empirical specifications using logit regression models for our binary HWI outcome.…”

Section: Empirical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in household water insecurity in rural Bangladesh: A longitudinal analysis

Broyles,

Pakhtigian,

Aziz

et al. 2023

PLOS Water

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Billions of people globally are at risk for severe water scarcity periodically throughout the year. Moreover, intensifying climate change and increasingly unpredictable weather patterns will increase the severity and scope of those affected by household water insecurity, with negative consequences on household health and wellbeing. Faced with water insecurity, households shift to alternative water sources, which may be more expensive or of lower quality and contribute to both financial and health burdens. The extent to which household water insecurity varies throughout the year, however, remains understudied. Using a panel dataset of 2014 households across 40 villages in Matlab, Bangladesh, we test for seasonal variation in household water insecurity and its determinants using a modified HWISE scale. We find that while water insecurity in Matlab was low both pre- and post-monsoon, household water experiences vary throughout the year. Households report significantly lower water insecurity post-monsoon, compared to pre-monsoon, suggesting an annual measure of household water insecurity is insufficient to fully characterize intra-annual household water experiences. Comparing determinants of household water insecurity, we find that geography, household water use behaviors, and household characteristics are significantly related to experiences of household water insecurity but vary in their extent depending on the season. Our results demonstrate that physical location, seasonality, water quality, and household-level factors contribute to the dynamic nature of intra-annual household water insecurity. Knowing when and to what extent such determinants influence household water experiences throughout the year is essential for guiding and adapting engineering and policy design to reduce the costs and consequences of household water insecurity.

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Section: Empirical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation in household water insecurity in rural Bangladesh: A longitudinal analysis

Broyles,

Pakhtigian,

Aziz

et al. 2023

PLOS Water

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Water quality and unseen health outcomes: A cross-sectional study on arsenic contamination, subclinical disease and psychosocial distress in Bangladesh

Khan,

Hoque,

Mahmud

et al. 2024

SSM - Mental Health

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Evidence on the links between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation and mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lund

Moturi

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Background Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation have adverse impacts on the mental health of individuals. Objective To review and synthesize evidence on the relationship between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation, and mental health globally. Data sources Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE databases from inception up to March 2023. Study eligibility criteria Only quantitative studies were included. The exposure was water insecurity and or inadequate sanitation. The outcome was common mental disorders (CMD: depression or anxiety), mental distress, mental health or well-being. There was no restriction on geographical location. Participants General population or people attending health facilities or other services. Exposure Water insecurity and/ or inadequate sanitation. Risk of bias The effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) assessment tool was used to assess quality of selected studies. Synthesis of results A meta-analysis was conducted using a random effects statistical model. Results Twenty-five studies were included, with 23,103 participants from 16 countries in three continents: Africa (Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, Uganda, South Africa, Malawi, Mozambique, and Lesotho), Asia (Nepal, Bangladesh, India, and Iran) and the Americas (Brazil, Haiti, Bolivia and Vietnam). There was a statistically significant association between water insecurity and CMD symptoms. Nine studies reported a continuous outcome (5,248 participants): overall standardized mean difference (SMD = 1.38; 95% CI = 0.88, 1.87). Five studies reported a binary outcome (5,776 participants): odds ratio 5.03; 95% CI = 2.26, 11.18. There was a statistically significant association between inadequate sanitation and CMD symptoms (7415 participants), overall SMD = 5.36; 95% CI = 2.51, 8.20. Limitations Most of the included studies were cross-sectional which were unable to examine temporal relationships. Conclusions Water insecurity and inadequate sanitation contribute to poorer mental health globally. Implications of key findings Interventions to provide basic water, sanitation and psychosocial support, could substantially contribute to reducing the burden of CMD alongside other health and social benefits. Trial registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022322528.

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Surveyed from Afar: Household water security, emotional well-being, and the reliability of water supply in the Ethiopian lowlands

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Seasonal variation in household water insecurity in rural Bangladesh: A longitudinal analysis

Seasonal variation in household water insecurity in rural Bangladesh: A longitudinal analysis

Water quality and unseen health outcomes: A cross-sectional study on arsenic contamination, subclinical disease and psychosocial distress in Bangladesh

Evidence on the links between water insecurity, inadequate sanitation and mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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