Survivability of a metapopulation under local extinctions

Abstract

A metapopulation structure in landscape ecology comprises a group of interacting spatially separated subpopulations or patches of the same species that may experience several local extinctions. This makes the investigation of survivability (in the form of global oscillation) of a metapopulation on top of diverse dispersal topologies extremely crucial. However, among various dispersal topologies in ecological networks, which one can provide higher metapopulation survivability under local extinction is still not well explored. In this article, we scrutinize the robustness of an ecological network consisting of prey-predator patches having Holling type I functional response, against progressively extinct population patches. We present a comprehensive study on this while considering global, small-world and scale-free dispersal of the subpopulations. Furthermore, we extend our work in enhancing survivability in the form of sustained global oscillation by introducing asymmetries in the dispersal rates of the considered species. Our findings affirm that the asynchrony among the patches plays an important role in the survivability of a metapopulation. In order to demonstrate the model independence of the observed phenomenon, we perform a similar analysis for patches exhibiting Holling type II functional response. On the grounds of the obtained results, our work is expected to provide a better perception of the influence of dispersal arrangements on the global survivability of ecological networks.

Correlation effects on ground-state properties of ternary Heusler alloys: First-principles study

“…Pseudogap, spin density and charge density waves (commensurate or nor commensurate) might change the solutions landscape in Heusler alloys as observed by various authors 34,57,60,61 , some of these spin wave or charge density instabilities could be driven by Fermi surface nestings 103 . Interestingly, SCAN simulations for YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 , give many solutions almost degenerate with the ground state in the so-called pseudogap regime 22 .…”

Complex evolutionary dynamics due to punishment and free space in ecological multigames

“…Competition among species for their existence and survivability [110][111][112] is a wicked problem in society under the realm of Darwin's theory of evolution. Besides, how cooperative behaviour evolves is one of the 25 big questions [113] facing science.…”

Eco-evolutionary dynamics of cooperation in the presence of policing

“…However, punishers do not go extinct in the observed regime for β ∈ (1, 3], as punishment has social security in the form of reduction in the expected payoff of defectors, who need to pay an extra fine. We expect the defector population z to increase with the temptation parameter β and, therefore, find it interesting that z remains constant throughout the interval (1,3] of β. This may be due to the chosen values of the other parameters, which play a significant role in survivability of each subpopulation.…”

“…The possible persistence and rapid emergence of non-cooperative strategy [5] challenge the cooperative contribution in the presence of defectors and it leads to the "tragedy of the commons" [6] as only the fittest are most likely to overcome the fierce struggles of life. This mechanism of survival of the fittest generates an act of selfishness among the individuals Email address: dibakar@isical.ac.in (D. Ghosh), matjaz.perc@gmail.com (M. Perc), jeet.banerjee@byjus.com, jeetban89@gmail.com (J. Banerjee) (Sayantan Nag Chowdhury 1, * , Srilena Kundu 1, * , Jeet Banerjee 2 , Matjaž Perc 3,4,5 and Dibakar Ghosh 1 ) [7], which hinders the evolution and maintenance of cooperation. Surprisingly, contradictory to the famous Darwinian evolutionary theory, cooperation among selfinterested individuals is found in diverse circumstances ranging from microbial populations to social systems [8,9,10,11,12,13,14].…”