Survival and bioenergetic responses of juvenile Atlantic salmon along a perturbation gradient in a natural stream

Coghlan, Stephen M.; Ringler, Neil H.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0633.2005.00083.x

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This result, however, must be discussed with caution because the temperature data used in this study only reflect the conditions from one summer and did not take into account interannual or seasonal variations. Similarly, water quality is known to have a direct effect on the survival of fish assemblages (Coghlan & Ringler, 2005). According to the standards of the EU directives for salmonid waters (Hendry & Cragg-Hine, 2003), all the studied reaches on the Tea Stream had a good water quality during summer conditions (temperature <25 • C; pH = 6-9; nitrite <0·01 mg l −1 ; ammonia <0·04 mg l −1 ), thus human contamination was not expected to be a potential factor affecting the distribution of fish assemblages along the stream.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of an Atlantic salmon Salmo salar stream at the southern limit of its eastern Atlantic distribution

Costas

Álvarez

Pardo

2009

Journal of Fish Biology

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Ten reaches of an Atlantic stream located in north-west Spain were sampled intensively during one summer to characterize the conditions where Atlantic salmon Salmo salar have been re-introduced along the stream. Fish species richness and diversity showed a downstream increase, which was mainly attributed to the higher number of cyprinid species found in the lower reaches. Moreover, except for brown trout Salmo trutta that appeared to be the most ubiquitous species, the densities of the other species was higher in the lower than in the upper stream reaches. Redundancy analysis showed that the pattern of fish assemblages observed along the studied stream was mainly related to the expected gradient observed in the levels of dissolved oxygen, discharge and mean current speed. There was a significant differentiation between midstream and downstream reaches, both in terms of the composition of their fish assemblages and the freshwater habitat. This study emphasizes the importance of describing the variations in fish assemblages and habitat characteristics along a river to explore its relation to potential changes in the survival of fish populations. In particular, the development of habitat-fish relationships may be a useful tool for water managers to assess the effects of development and restoration projects on the habitat of S. salar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of an Atlantic salmon Salmo salar stream at the southern limit of its eastern Atlantic distribution

Costas

Álvarez

Pardo

2009

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…This was not expected, because metabolic rate, which strongly mediates both respiration and fecal egestion rates of fish, would not have been expected to differ across cleared treatments, given that similar temperature and feeding conditions were provided. Indeed, metabolic rate has been demonstrated to be lower in fish exposed to contaminants in both laboratory and field studies [33,34], which should have produced an opposite pattern to that observed, with higher relative clearance of PCBs from the least contaminated (Peche Island) site. Our study suggests that clearing efficiency may be species or population specific, or that local genetic adaptation of PCB clearing mechanisms may have occurred [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Acclimation of life-history traits to experimental changes in environmental contaminant concentrations in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus)

Farwell

Drouillard

Heath

et al. 2012

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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One adaptive mechanism aquatic populations use to facilitate tolerance to environmental contaminants is acclimation. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a globally ubiquitous class of persistent organic contaminants that have been linked to reproductive impairments in fish. The authors used female brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) to test whether acclimation of reproductive life-history traits occurs in response to changes in sum PCB exposure. They compared egg diameter, gonadosomatic index (GSI), and fecundity of fish directly caught from wild populations exposed to a range of contaminant concentrations (acute), to those collected from the same populations a year before, which were placed in a clean environment to clear their contaminants throughout that year (cleared). Sum PCB concentrations were also determined for each individual. Brown bullhead from acute treatments had significantly greater sum PCB concentrations compared with cleared treatments. Egg diameter and GSI metrics were greater in cleared treatments compared with acute treatments (by 6 and 14%, respectively). Treatment effect (i.e., acute or cleared), as opposed to where the fish were collected from, accounts for 72 to 89% of the variation in the reproductive life-history trait variables. No difference in fecundity was found between acute and cleared treatments. The authors found support that acclimation of reproductive life-history traits occurs to changes in sum PCB concentration. To their knowledge, the present study is the first experimental test of acclimation responses of female life-history traits to contaminants in wild populations.

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“…In general, these xenobiotics cause different types of alterations at the organism level; in fish specifically they can induce a general stress, resulting in a decrease in metabolic rates and energetic efficiency [1], which in turn promotes developmental alterations and a decrease in survival rates [2]. Several tools for monitoring these sublethal effects, such as morphological, physiological parameters (growth, development, and metabolism alterations) [3] and changes at the cellular and biochemical levels, are currently used [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xenobiotic-induced changes in the arginase activity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryo

González

Llanos-Rivera

Baeza

et al. 2011

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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The impact of xenobiotics in organisms at the biochemical level can be detected using specific or nonspecific biochemical markers. Activity of the enzyme arginase is used as a biochemical parameter of cell proliferation in mammals because of its importance in polyamine synthesis, which provides molecules for cellular growth and differentiation. Therefore, total arginase activity could indicate sublethal organism alterations induced by xenobiotics. In the present study, bioassays with early stages of Danio rerio were implemented using the pesticide malathion as a reference toxicant and a kraft pulp mill (KPM) effluent to assess their potential toxicity. The experimental design considered a 144-h static bioassay that involved incubation from an early 3-h postfertilization embryonic stage through to the eleutheroembryo stage. Growth variations and observations of organ development were evaluated and related to total arginase activity. The enzymatic activity in eleutheroembryo exposed to malathion exhibited a significant decrease at concentrations equal to or higher than 3 mg/L. Delays in the early development and morphometric parameters suggest metabolic depression in these conditions. A significant positive relationship between total arginase activity and eleutheroembryo development was observed, indicating that a decrease in total arginase activity might be related to sublethal alterations in eleutheroembryo growth. Bioassay results with KPM effluents resulted in a delay in organogenesis only in effluent concentrations of 100% and were related to a significant decrease in total arginase activity. In conclusion, total arginase activity has a higher sensitivity compared with morphological parameters in providing an early signal of the sublethal effects on early life stages of fish exposed to environmental stress.

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Survival and bioenergetic responses of juvenile Atlantic salmon along a perturbation gradient in a natural stream

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

Characterization of an Atlantic salmon Salmo salar stream at the southern limit of its eastern Atlantic distribution

Characterization of an Atlantic salmon Salmo salar stream at the southern limit of its eastern Atlantic distribution

Acclimation of life-history traits to experimental changes in environmental contaminant concentrations in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus)

Xenobiotic-induced changes in the arginase activity of zebrafish (Danio rerio) eleutheroembryo

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