Survival and Development of Gypsy Moths (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) on Corn and Soybean Foliage

Kamalay, Joseph C.; Barger, Jack H.; Pierson, P. E.

doi:10.1093/jee/90.1.147

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Black circular dots represent the overall mean in control and drought environments Effects of drought, herbivory, and temperature on plant performance Drought and herbivory had consistent negative effects on plant biomass that were largely independent of one another. Many studies have reported negative impacts of drought (e.g., Hoogenboom et al 1987;Liu et al 2003;James et al 2008) and herbivory (Turnipseed and Kogan 1976;Kamalay et al 1997;Rypstra and Marshall 2005;Costamagna et al 2007) on the performance of soybean. Comparatively fewer studies, however, have examined the combined effects of these factors on agricultural plants (Shimada et al 1992;Hawkes and Sullivan 2001;Huberty and Denno 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drought, temperature, herbivory, and genotype on plant–insect interactions in soybean (Glycine max)

Grinnan

Carter

Johnson

2012

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Climate change is predicted to cause continued increases in global temperatures, greater variability in precipitation and in some cases, more frequent insect pest outbreaks. Here we seek to understand how abiotic and biotic stresses associated with climate change can affect plant-herbivore interactions in a model crop species (soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.) by answering three questions: (1) Do the combined effects of abiotic and biotic stresses associated with climate change cause synergistic negative effects on plant biomass? (2) Can abiotic stress affect resistance of plants to insect herbivores? (3) Does genetic variation in plant traits modify a plant's response to stress? We performed three experiments in controlled growth environments using up to 51 soybean genotypes selected to vary in numerous traits associated with drought and resistance against pests (e.g., insect herbivores, nematodes, and pathogenic fungi), and up to 3 generalistfeeding herbivorous noctuid moth species (Helicoverpa zea, Heliothis virescens, and Spodoptera exigua) that commonly feed on soybean in North America. Drought and herbivory had the largest and the most consistent negative effects on plant performance, reducing the above-and below-ground biomass by 10-45 %, whereas increased temperature had little to no effect on plants. Drought also increased susceptibility to generalist noctuid herbivores, but these results varied dramatically in magnitude and direction among plant genotypes. Our experiments show that the effects of abiotic and biotic stress on soybean biomass were largely due to the additive effects of these stresses, and there exists substantial genetic variation in the soybean germplasm pool we studied that could be used as a source of parental stock in breeding new crops that can more effectively tolerate and resist the combined negative effects of insect herbivory and drought.

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