Survival of Women with Breast Cancer in Relation to Smoking

Manjer, Jonas; Andersson, Ingvar; Berglund, Göran; Bondesson, Lennart; Garne, Jens Peter; Janzon, Lars; Malina, Janne; Matson, Sophia

doi:10.1080/110241500447227

Cited by 60 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Similar results were concluded by two other cohort studies [24,25]. In contrast, a Swedish cohort study concluded that the breast cancer mortality was the lowest in those who had never smoked, the highest in smokers, and somewhere in between in ex-smokers [26].…”

Section: Smokingsupporting

confidence: 84%

Lifestyle changes and breast cancer prognosis: a review

Kellen

Vansant

Christiaens

et al. 2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Section: Smokingsupporting

confidence: 84%

Lifestyle changes and breast cancer prognosis: a review

Kellen

Vansant

Christiaens

et al. 2008

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…Yu et al found a relative risk of death from breast cancer of 1.40 (95% CI = 1.0-1.9) associated with smoking, after adjustment for tumor characteristics and other potential confounders [28]. Manjer et al found that the relative risk of death from breast cancer was 2.14 (95% CI = 1.47-3.10) in current smokers, after adjustment for age and stage and other potential confounders [29]. Scanlon et al found that, after adjustment for age, stage, and body weight, those with more than 20,000 packs over their lifetime had a relative risk of lung metastases of 3.73 (95% CI = 1.6-8.9) compared to non-smokers [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18 (6) 52 (41) 21 (12) 127 (39) 39 (8) Family history b Yes 114 (58) 229 (76) 67 (52) 127 (71) 181 (56) 356 (74) No 81 (42) 73 (24) 61 (48) 52 (29) 142 (44) 125 (26) Number of full-term pregnancies c 0 49 (25) 102 (34) 27 (21) 37 (21) 76 (24) 139 (29) Breast Cancer Res Treat. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 July 11.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and risk of breast cancer in carriers of mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 aged less than 50 years

Whittemore

John

Felberg

et al. 2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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Background-Cigarette smoke contains compounds that may damage DNA, and the repair of damage may be impaired in women with germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. However, the effect of cigarette smoking on breast cancer risk in mutation carriers is the subject of conflicting reports. We have examined the relation between smoking and breast cancer risk in non-Hispanic white women under the age of 50 years who carry a deleterious mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2.Methods-We conducted a case-control study using data from carriers of mutations in BRCA1 (195 cases and 302 controls) and BRCA2 (128 cases and 179 controls). Personal information, including smoking history, was collected using a common structured questionnaire by eight recruitment sites in four countries. Odds-ratios (OR) for breast cancer risk according to smoking were adjusted for age, family history, parity, alcohol use, and recruitment site. NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptResults-Compared to non-smokers, the OR for risk of breast cancer for women with five or more pack-years of smoking was 2.3 (95% confidence interval 1.6-3.5) for BRCA1 carriers and 2.6 (1.8-3.9) for BRCA2 carriers. Risk increased 7% per pack-year (p < 0.001) in both groups. The epidemiological evidence on the association of smoking with risk of breast cancer is contradictory. Terry and Rohan in 2002 reviewed the published evidence and concluded that smoking probably did not decrease, and may increase, risk of breast cancer [6]. A combined re-analysis of 53 epidemiological studies, however, did not show smoking to be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer after alcohol use was taken into account [7]. In a meta-analysis in 2005, Johnson found that both active and passive smoking were associated with an increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer [8]. Conclusions-TheseThe biological effects of smoking suggest that genetic variations in acetylation, oxidative damage, and DNA repair, may influence risk of disease. For example, high levels of reactive oxygen species may cause single and double strand breaks. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are involved in the repair of such breaks [9], and mutations in these genes may impair the ability of carriers to repair any defects caused by smoking.Lifetime risks of breast cancer among carriers of deleterious mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been estimated at 40-80% [10][11][12]. Because 20-60% of carriers live to an advanced age, and do not develop breast cancer, there are likely to be other genetic or environmental factors that modify risk. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of cigarette smoking on breast cancer risk in a large number of affected (cases) and unaffected (controls) members of families segregating mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes.et al.

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“…Other factors of influence could be the centralized organization with dedicated breast cancer surgeons and pathologists in Malmö. There are other potential confounders, which was not the topic for the present study, such as tobacco smoking, alcohol, and fat intake, all with higher consumptions in Denmark (24), which are likely to influence the observed incidence rate but we cannot be sure that these can also affect survival (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%