Susceptibility of different plant species and tomato cultivars to two isolates of Pepino mosaic virus

Abstract

As Pepino mosaic virus has become a pathogen of major importance in worldwide tomato production, information is needed on possible differences between the sensitivity of cultivars towards infection. Furthermore, it is important what hosts other than Solanaceae may be virus reservoirs and are, therefore, threats for tomato cultivation. Two PepMV isolates (PepMV-Sav, E397, a European tomato isolate and PV-0554, a Peruvian pepino isolate) differing in their origin and virulence were used for several experiments to investigate these issues. The response to mechanical inoculation with PepMV was studied using 25 tomato cultivars, seven indicator plant species, and nine other possible horticultural host plants. Symptom development after infection with PepMV was monitored and the virus was detected by DAS-ELISA and IC-RT-PCR. Garlic and broad bean were shown to be additional hosts of PepMV depending on the virus isolate. Nicotiana benthamiana seems to be the most sensitive indicator among all tested indicator plants developing symptoms. Both PepMV isolates infected all tested tomato cultivars. Development of disease symptoms depended on the cultivar and the virus isolate but symptoms were not visible in all cases. None of the cultivars showed tolerance against the two isolates but two responded with a lower susceptibility at an absorbance level of 0.2 (healthy control 0.09). It was observed that some cultivars grown hydroponically showed also lower losses in biomass and yield. Data indicated a correlation between absorbance level in DAS-ELISA and reduction in total tomato growth.

Pepino mosaic virus Infection of Tomato Affects Allergen Expression, but Not the Allergenic Potential of Fruits

“…The plant pathogen Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), a highly infectious potex virus, is one of the major global diseases of greenhouse tomato crops [1]–[3]. Different PepMV isolates can cause a wide range of symptoms.…”

Host range and symptomatology of Pepino mosaic virus strains occurring in Europe

“…benthamiana does not differentiate the three isolates as clearly as N. occidentlais 37B and N. rustica, but may be a useful propagation host. Fakhro et al (2011) recorded clear symptoms and the highest virus concentration in N. benthamiana when comparing seven Nicotiana species. Other papers also report systemic symptoms in N. benthamiana (Martin and Mousserion 2002;Salomone and Roggero 2002;Van der Vlugt et al 2002;Pospieszny et al 2008;Gómez et al 2009;Hasiów-Jaroszewska et al 2010a).…”

“…Beate inoculated with the isolate TomA2001-1 (a Ch2 genotype isolate, Van der Vlugt unpublished) showed that a systemic infection can occur in combination with a sensitive cultivar and that the virus can be transmitted through the tubers. Jones et al (1980) also recorded symptomless infection in four potato cultivars, Martin and Mousserion (2002) recorded infection and symptom development in four out of seven inoculated potato cultivars, and Fakhro et al (2011) recorded symptomless infection with an EU-tom strain isolate in a single cultivar.…”

“…Van der Vlugt et al (2002), Verhoeven et al (2003), Pospieszny et al (2008), Gómez et al (2009) and Papayiannis et al (2012) did not find any infection after inoculation with one or more of the virus strains used in this study. Only Hasiów-Jaroszewska et al (2010a) and Fakhro et al (2011) recorded a systemic PepMV infection in C. annuum without and with symptoms, respectively, after inoculation with EU-tom genotype isolates.…”

“…C. quinoa did not produce visible symptoms when inoculated with the original PepMV isolate (Jones et al 1980). Verhoeven et al (2003) and Fakhro et al (2011) found no infection in C. quinoa with EU-tom and E397 (EU strain) isolates respectively, whereas Martin and Mousserion (2002) reported a latent infection in C. quinoa with an isolate from tomato in France, probably belonging to the EU-tom strain. Salomone and Roggero (2002) working with a tomato isolate from Sardinia (PepMV-To) and Pospieszny et al (2008) working with the isolate PepMV-SW (EU-tom strain) reported chlorotic local lesions in this host.…”