Susceptibility of experimental animals to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis

Sohn, Woon-Mok; Zhang, Hongman; Choi, Mihye; Hong, Sung-Tae

doi:10.3347/kjp.2006.44.2.163

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The worm recovery rate in re-infected rats in our study was as low as 1%, which is similar to that reported in previous studies Chung et al 2004;Sohn et al 2006). Our study observes that resistance is closely related to the time that has passed since the termination of the primary infection by treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis

Hong-man

Chung

et al. 2008

Parasitol Res

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Rats develop resistance to re-infection by Clonorchis sinensis while humans do not. We investigated factors involved in the development of resistance to re-infection and super-infection in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were infected by C. sinensis metacercariae and treated with praziquantel, then re-infected after immune modulation. The rats were also subjected to super-imposed infection after primary infection. Resistance to re-infection was observed by lowered rates of worm recovery after various durations from treatment; 1% at 5days and 24.4% at 11months vs 56.2% in the control. Similar significant resistance was observed in the super-infected rats after 3weeks of primary infection. The re-infected or super-infected worms grew very slowly and remained immature. Resistance disappeared in immune-suppressed and nude rats but not in splenectomized rats. Immunization with antigens of C. sinensis produced no resistance. Local tissue reaction and immune response in the infected bile duct may play an important role in the resistance, although the crowding effect may also be implicated in resistance in super-infected rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis

Hong-man

Chung

et al. 2008

Parasitol Res

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“…Semiquantitative measurement of apoptosis showed that livers from rat at 4, 6, 8, 12 weeks postinfection with C. sinensis confirmed the higher apoptotic index compared with normal control (e, p<0.01), similar result was detected in human liver infected with C. sinensis (f, p<0.01) infection (Yoon et al 2001). Rat is also susceptible to C. sinensis and is broadly used as animal model in the study of pathogenesis (Choi et al 2004b;Quan et al 2005;Sohn et al 2006). In the present study, Wistar rats were administered intragastrically with 100 metacercariae of C. sinensis, and then the worm eggs could be detected from the stool in 100% of rats in infected groups 6 weeks postinfection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Fas/FasL-dependent apoptosis of hepatocytes induced in rat and patients with Clonorchis sinensis infection

Zhang

Jin

et al. 2008

Parasitol Res

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To investigate the injury and pathogenesis of Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) to hepatocytes, the liver samples from Wistar rats and patients with C. sinensis infection were examined. The typical histopathological findings of clonorchiasis were observed in rats 4 to 12 weeks postinfection, and majority hepatocytes exhibited hydropic degeneration, even some hepatocytes showed densely condensed nuclei suggesting apoptosis in liver tissue. Apoptosis was found around the central vein or portal areas of liver tissue in rat infected with C. sinensis by transferase uridyl nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Compared with normal control, TUNEL-positive cells in liver tissue increase from 4 to 12 weeks postinfection with the peak at 8 weeks. Furthermore, the expression of mRNA and protein of Fas, FasL, and caspase-3 was stronger in infected group than normal control using semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Autopsy specimens from four patients infected with C. sinensis have the same findings detected by histopathology, TUNEL, and immunohistochemistry. These findings suggest that the C. sinensis can stimulate both hepatocytic apoptosis and hydropic degeneration that may be responsible for relationship between clinical manifestations and liver lesions in patients with clonorchiasis. These data also indicate a role for Fas/FasL-mediated pathway in the apoptosis that occurs in response to C. sinensis infection.

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“…Helminth-free inbred Syrian golden hamsters ( Mesocricetus auratus ) were infected with metacercariae of each species as described previously [40], [47]. Hamsters used in this study were maintained at the animal research facilities at the Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand and the School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, South Korea.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking the Transcriptomes of Two Carcinogenic Parasites, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini

et al. 2010

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The two parasitic trematodes, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini, have a major impact on the health of tens of millions of humans throughout Asia. The greatest impact is through the malignant cancer ( = cholangiocarcinoma) that these parasites induce in chronically infected people. Therefore, both C. sinensis and O. viverrini have been classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as Group 1 carcinogens. Despite their impact, little is known about these parasites and their interplay with the host at the molecular level. Recent advances in genomics and bioinformatics provide unique opportunities to gain improved insights into the biology of parasites as well as their relationships with their hosts at the molecular level. The present study elucidates the transcriptomes of C. sinensis and O. viverrini using a platform based on next-generation (high throughput) sequencing and advanced in silico analyses. From 500,000 sequences, >50,000 sequences were assembled for each species and categorized as biologically relevant based on homology searches, gene ontology and/or pathway mapping. The results of the present study could assist in defining molecules that are essential for the development, reproduction and survival of liver flukes and/or that are linked to the development of cholangiocarcinoma. This study also lays a foundation for future genomic and proteomic research of C. sinensis and O. viverrini and the cancers that they are known to induce, as well as novel intervention strategies.

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Susceptibility of experimental animals to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis

Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis

Fas/FasL-dependent apoptosis of hepatocytes induced in rat and patients with Clonorchis sinensis infection

Unlocking the Transcriptomes of Two Carcinogenic Parasites, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini

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