Susceptibility of pseudomonas and staphylococcus wound isolates to topical antimicrobial agents: a 10-year review and clinical evaluation

Thomson, Philip D.; Taddonio, T.E.; Tait, M.J.; Prasad, J.K.

doi:10.1016/0305-4179(89)90181-2

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Despite its high degree of penetration (24), 0.2% nitrofurazone had comparatively poor activity against P. aeruginosa in the AWD test. This parallels the findings of earlier studies, which showed that nitrofurazone is more effective against gram-positive cocci than against gram-negative rods (24,56). SSD (1%), 1% SSD-2.2% cerium nitrate, and 10% povidone-iodine showed comparable in vitro activities against the P. aeruginosa strains studied.…”

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confidence: 89%

“…Susceptibility to topical antibacterial agents was tested by the agar well diffusion (AWD) method (56 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SSD is the most widely used silver compound in antimicrobial creams (27). Because of the considerable differences in the diffusion rates of the different topical agents, it has been suggested that the inhibition zone sizes measured in the AWD test should not be interpreted as an indicator of the superiority of one topical agent over another (56). However, one can argue that the diffusion capacity of a topical agent in agar can be an indicator for its penetration strength in wound beds, which is a very important aspect of the use of topical agents for burns.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization in a Burn Unit: Persistence of a Multidrug-Resistant Clone and a Silver Sulfadiazine-Resistant Clone

et al. 2003

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To study the epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in a 32-bed burn wound center (BWC), 321 clinical and 45 environmental P. aeruginosa isolates were collected by prospective surveillance culture over a 1-year period and analyzed by serotyping, drug susceptibility testing, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Among 441 patients treated at the center, 70 (16%) were colonized with P. aeruginosa, including 12 (17%) patients who were colonized on admission and 58 (83%) patients who acquired the organism during their stay. Of the 48 distinct AFLP genotypes found, 21 were found exclusively in the environment, 15 were isolated from individual patients only, and 12 were responsible for the colonization of 57 patients, of which 2 were also isolated from the environment, but secondary to patient carriage. Polyclonal P. aeruginosa colonization with strains of two to four genotypes, often with different antibiotic susceptibility patterns, was observed in 19 patients (27%). Two predominant genotypes were responsible for recurrent outbreaks and the colonization of 42 patients (60% of all colonized patients). The strain with one of those genotypes appeared to be endemic to the BWC and developed multidrug resistance (MDR) at the end of the study period, whereas the strain with the other genotype was antibiotic susceptible but resistant to silver sulfadiazine (SSD r ). The MDR strain was found at a higher frequency in sputum samples than the SSD r strain, which showed a higher prevalence in burn wound samples, suggesting that anatomic habitat selection was associated with adaptive resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Repeated and thorough surveys of the hospital environment failed to detect a primary reservoir for any of those genotypes. Cross-acquisition, resulting from insufficient compliance with infection control measures, was the major route of colonization in our BWC. In addition to the AFLP pattern and serotype, analysis of the nucleotide sequences of three (lipo)protein genes (oprI, oprL, and oprD) and the pyoverdine type revealed that all predominant strains except the SSD r strain belonged to recently identified clonal complexes. These successful clones are widespread in nature and therefore predominate in the patient population, in whom variants accumulate drug resistance mechanisms that allow their transmission and persistence in the BWC.

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confidence: 89%

“…Susceptibility to topical antibacterial agents was tested by the agar well diffusion (AWD) method (56 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Downloaded Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization in a Burn Unit: Persistence of a Multidrug-Resistant Clone and a Silver Sulfadiazine-Resistant Clone

et al. 2003

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“…Prior studies assessing topical agent antimicrobial resistance profiles have used agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods with data indicating an increase in resistance of MDR pathogens to topical antimicrobials as compared to non-MDR pathogens [8,[22][23][24]. However, there are limited data comparing strain variability and systemic antimicrobial resistance to topical antimicrobial activity tested by various methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of topical antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria recovered from burn patients

Glasser

Guymon

Mende

et al. 2010

Burns

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“…Silver sulphadiazine is active against Gram positives and negatives and also shows some activity against Candida [23]. Silver nitrate used at an aqueous concentration of 0.5% is also effective against Gram positives and negatives and Candida [24]. Mafenide acetate has been reported as having wide antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas spp.…”

Section: Antimicrobialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Burns Menace: Antibiotics for the Fight against Burns Bacterial Infection, a Systemic Review

Agbenorku¹,

Amankwa²,

Agbenorku³

et al. 2016

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Burn wound infection delays wound healing, leading to varying degrees of morbidity and mortality. Various antibiotics are administered to burn patients in burn wound management. The emergence of antibiotic resistance is a menace that costs families and the country. This review seeks to expound on infections related to burn wounds, common bacteria of burn wound infections and choice of antibiotics in burns treatment. Words such as burns, wound infection, burns injury and antibiotics were put into the Google search engine. Only articles related to the subject of burns, burn wound infection and antibiotics were used to write the review. Articles obtained included case reports on burns, research articles, review articles, short notes, briefs, literatures and other articles relating to burns. We found that the choice of antibiotics in the management of burns is an issue of major concern due to the evolution of pathogens causing these infections. The challenge of antibiotic resistance still persists in burns wound management. The commonly used topical antimicrobials included silver sulphadiazine, silver nitrate solution, silver impregnated dressings and mafenide acetate. Mafenide acetate has a wide antibacterial activity and also acts against the usual wound pathogens that were identified:Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The role of antibiotic resistance is of major concern. Antibiotics must be administered after culture evidence in order to reduce the chance of increasing evolution of resistant strains of bacteria.

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Susceptibility of pseudomonas and staphylococcus wound isolates to topical antimicrobial agents: a 10-year review and clinical evaluation

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization in a Burn Unit: Persistence of a Multidrug-Resistant Clone and a Silver Sulfadiazine-Resistant Clone

Molecular Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Colonization in a Burn Unit: Persistence of a Multidrug-Resistant Clone and a Silver Sulfadiazine-Resistant Clone

Activity of topical antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria recovered from burn patients

The Burns Menace: Antibiotics for the Fight against Burns Bacterial Infection, a Systemic Review

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