-Acaricides that inhibit cellular respiration play an important role in the control of Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) in citrus groves in Brazil. Studies were conducted to evaluate: (a) the variability in the susceptibility among B. phoenicis populations collected from citrus groves to cyhexatin, azocyclotin, propargite and sulphur; (b) cross-resistance relationships between propargite and azocyclotin, cyhexatin, dinocap, pyridaben and sulphur; and (c) the fitness cost associated with propargite resistance in B. phoenicis under laboratory conditions. A residual-type contact bioassay was used to characterize the susceptibility. The susceptibility was estimated with diagnostic concentrations based LC 95 of each acaricide. The cross-resistance was evaluated by characterizing the concentration-mortality responses of susceptible (S) and propargiteresistant (Propargite-R) strains. The fitness cost was evaluated by measuring the biological parameters of S and Propargite-R strains on citrus fruits at 25 ± 1 o C and fotophase of 14h. Significant differences in the susceptibility of B. phoenicis were detected at diagnostic concentration of cyhexatin (survivorship from 16.3% to 80.5%), azocyclotin (from 3.0% to 15.0%), propargite (from 1.0% a 71.6%) and sulphur (from 9.0% to 82.6%). A low intensity of cross-resistance was detected between propargite and the acaricides azocyclotin (1.8-fold), cyhexatin (4.6-fold), dinocap (3.5-fold) and pyridaben (3.5-fold). On the other hand, the intensity of cross-resistance to sulphur (> 111-fold) was very high. There was no fitness cost associated with B. phoenicis resistance to propargite, based on biological parameters evaluated. Therefore, the use of these acaricides should also be done very carefully in resistance management of B. phoenicis to acaricides. KEY WORDS: Flat mite, propargite, cyhexatin, resistance management RESUMO -Acaricidas inibidores da respiração celular são importantes para o controle de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) na cultura dos citros no Brasil. Foram conduzidos estudos para avaliar: (a) a variabilidade na suscetibilidade de populações de B. phoenicis coletadas em pomares de citros para cihexatim, azociclotim, propargite e enxofre; (b) relações de resistência cruzada entre propargite e os acaricidas azociclotim, cihexatim, dinocape, piridabem e enxofre; e (c) o custo adaptativo associado à resistência de B. phoenicis a propargite em condições de laboratório. O método de bioensaio adotado foi o contato residual. A suscetibilidade foi estimada com concentrações diagnósticas baseadas na CL 95 de cada acaricida. A resistência cruzada foi avaliada pela caracterização da curva de concentração-mortalidade das linhagens suscetível (S) e resistente a propargite (Propargite-R). O custo adaptativo foi avaliado mediante comparação de parâmetros biológicos das linhagens S e Propargite-R em frutos de laranja a 25 ± 1 o C e fotofase de 14h. Diferenças significativas na sobrevivência de B. phoenicis foram verificadas aos acaricidas cihexatim (de 16,3% a 80,5%), ...