Suspension Polymerization

Yuan, Hongyong; Kalfas, George; Ray, W. Harmon

doi:10.1080/15321799108021924

Cited by 255 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…In this respect, it is particularly noteworthy that the most frequently used polymeric support is polystyrene due to its environmental stability and hydrophobic nature. Styrene-divinylbenzene (St-DVB) copolymers are extensively used as polymeric supports for polymer bonded catalysts and reagents [17,18]. The permeability limits according to the molecular size and the accessibility of reactive and catalytic sites depend on the porous structure and swelling properties of the copolymers [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel route for synthesis of cross-linked polystyrene copolymer beads with tunable porosity using guar and xanthan gums from bioresources as alternative synthetic suspension stabilizers

Rahmatpour

Goodarzi

Moazzez

2018

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Cross-linked polymer beads with different cross-linking agent loading were prepared by carrying out cross-linking suspension copolymerization of styrene-divinylbenzene (St- DVB) monomers using guar gum (GG) and xanthan gum (XG) from bioresources as eco-friendly suspension biopolymer stabilizers in the presence of non reactive diluents. The effects of GG and XG as suspension biostabilizers on the characteristics of the styrene copolymer beads were investigated regarding thermal properties, porosity characteristics, solvent swelling ratio, and surface morphologies using TGA, DSC, XRD, SEM, BET analyses. Spherical and regular beads with smooth surface were produced and the average particle size was in the range 170–290 μm (50–80 mesh size). The porosity characteristics of the produced beads including surface area and pore volume were in range 0.45 m2/g and 32–45 ml/g, respectively. Overall, the present article provided a novel route to prepare cross-linked polystyrene copolymer beads with tunable porosity suitable for catalyst support.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel route for synthesis of cross-linked polystyrene copolymer beads with tunable porosity using guar and xanthan gums from bioresources as alternative synthetic suspension stabilizers

Rahmatpour

Goodarzi

Moazzez

2018

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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“…The second component of the oscillation conditions is the frequency f. In the same way, increasing the frequency enables the decrease of the mean Sauter diameter d 32 (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Effect Of the Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The open literature is relatively poor on the continuous suspension polymerization. Some anecdotic cases are reported about continuous stirred tank reactors and tubular reactors [32]. More works report on continuous emulsion polymerization in pulsed column [9,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surfactant concentration -No effect on the stabilization time -Narrow DSD and d 32 at lower interfacial tension [41] Dispersed phase holdup 10-70% No mention of droplet size Same oscillation conditions for complete dispersion [36,38,41] Baffle thickness and species -Thickness of 3 mm is optimum for dispersion stabilization -Decrease of the transparency factor T, decrease of d 32 PVAc is mainly produced by emulsion polymerization but few publications deal with VAM (vinyl acetate monomer) suspension polymerization [49][50][51].…”

Section: Studied Effect Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquid–liquid dispersion in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor – Application to suspension polymerization

Lobry

Lasuye²,

Gourdon

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering Journal

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible.Liquid-liquid dispersion in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor -Application to suspension polymerization b s t r a c tReducing energy costs, improving safety, minimizing waste are the current aims of chemical engineering. Process intensification in fine chemistry has been extensively studied but less work refers to heterogeneous reactions involving two liquid phases. This paper focuses on batch to continuous suspension polymerization transposition and especially on the liquid-liquid dispersion step. The main features of suspension polymerization reaction are based on (i) the initial liquid-liquid dispersion requiring a controlled size and narrow distribution and (ii) on the control of the final particle size during the agglomeration step by avoiding fouling which is a bottleneck for continuous flow. For the continuous transposition, liquid-liquid dispersion and reaction studies are carried out in continuous oscillatory baffled reactor (COBR) which is a multipurpose reactor. Its suitability to overcome the bottlenecks is demonstrated through the investigation of the oscillating and flow conditions or the dispersed phase holdup. A controlled droplet size distribution can be achieved. Oscillation is the main parameter responsible for droplet breakage. The suitable conditions to obtain stable dispersion are determined. For one of the first times, COBR is used for suspension polymerization.

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“…For example, as the typical in-situ polymerization methods, there are the suspension polymerization method [9], the mini emulsion polymerization method [10] [11], the soap free emulsion polymerization method [12] and the dispersion polymerization method [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Polymer Composite Particles by Phase Separation Followed by Suspension Polymerization

Taguchi¹,

Suzuki²,

Saito³

et al. 2017

OJCM

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The novel method for preparing the polymer composite particles has been developed. It was tried to prepare polymer composite particles composed of polystyrene and carbon black with the phase separation method followed by suspension polymerization. In order to prepare the polymer composite particles with the more uniform diameter, the styrene monomer droplets containing carbon black were formed with phase separation emulsification in which ethyl alcohol and water were used as the good solvent and the poor solvent for styrene monomer, respectively. In the experiment, the surfactant species and their concentrations, the pouring velocity of water and the weight ratio of carbon black to styrene monomer were mainly changed. Water was poured at the given pouring velocity into ethyl alcohol in which styrene monomer and an initiator were dissolved and carbon black was dispersed beforehand. The spherical polymer composite particles containing carbon black were prepared with Tween 20 and Tween 80 of nonionic surfactants and the irregular polymer composite particles were prepared with PVA, SDS and Kotamine. The diameters of polymer composite particles increased with the pouring velocity of water and with the weight ratio of carbon black to styrene monomer.

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Suspension Polymerization

Cited by 255 publications

References 115 publications

A novel route for synthesis of cross-linked polystyrene copolymer beads with tunable porosity using guar and xanthan gums from bioresources as alternative synthetic suspension stabilizers

A novel route for synthesis of cross-linked polystyrene copolymer beads with tunable porosity using guar and xanthan gums from bioresources as alternative synthetic suspension stabilizers

Liquid–liquid dispersion in a continuous oscillatory baffled reactor – Application to suspension polymerization

Preparation of Polymer Composite Particles by Phase Separation Followed by Suspension Polymerization

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