Sustainable alternative animal feeds: Recent advances and future perspective of using azolla as animal feed in livestock, poultry and fish nutrition

Azolla as a Nutrient-Rich Feed Supplement for Livestock: Enhancing Health and Productivity

“…This makes Azolla a valuable source of protein that can be used for many different purposes. Studies have found that Azolla contains between 19-35% proteins by dry weight (Nasir et al, 2022). The exact percentage of protein in Azolla can vary depending on a few factors viz., the specific species of Azolla, the conditions it was grown in (temperature, nutrients in the water, etc.)…”

Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Fermented Manure as a Fertilizer to Support Azolla microphylla Growth Rate

“…The results of the proximate analysis of Azolla, namely the water content, ash content, protein, fiber, fat and carbohydrates, were obtained as shown in Table 3. Azolla has been touted as a possible low-cost feed for quail (Lakshmi et al, 2019;Putri et al, 2019;Varadharajan et al, 2019;Nasir et al, 2022). As an example, based on the comparison between the Azolla sample and the SNI 01-3907-2006(Indonesian National Standard, 2006 on feed requirements of laying quail poultry (quail layer), Azolla produced through quail manure fertilizing fulfills the protein and fat requirements for the quail layer.…”

“…As stated by Kollah et al (2016), the use of Azolla may also help regulate N2O emission and NH3 volatilization on agroecosystems also creates a new source of income for farmers. Nasir et al (2022) addressed that Azolla impacts several environmental causes, including lower greenhouse gas emissions, carbon footprint and land requirements; additionally, it produces feedstuffs enriched in amino acid. In addition to providing the various benefits above, cultivating Azolla can also help overcome the problem of environmental pollution due to animal waste, which can be used as manure to aid its growth (Kusuma, 2012).…”

Comparative hyperaccumulator of Azolla pinnata and Lemna minor for livestock wastewater treatment: morpho-physiological and genetic approach

“…In example, Lemna minor are used in water quality studies for monitoring heavy metals (Radic et al 2010) while azolla in wastewater can signi cantly improve water quality as it is known as bioremediation by regulating oxygen capacity (Sood et al 2012). Additionally, both of these aquatic plants have signi cance qualities that make them one of the best alternatives for animal feed applications ( Putra and Ritonga, 2018;Md Nasir et al 2022) biofuel production (Ge et al 2012;Miranda et al 2020) due to their higher nutritional content. Therefore, extensive knowledge on the response of these aquatic plants has been investigated to achieve close-loop bio economy employed livestock wastewater treatment.…”