Sustainable food agriculture land protection policy for Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia: solution or dilemma?

Abstract

Climate change has an impact on the environment, especially in agriculture. Climate change which caused the emergence of extreme weather led to declining agricultural productivity or crop failures in several regions. Some areas of Gunungkidul are the most difficult areas to plant rice compared to other regencies/cities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The issue of agricultural land conversion is a problem for almost all countries in the world that are difficult to resolve as development increases. Different policies are implemented to minimize the adverse effects of the conversion of agricultural land in various regions of the world. One of the policies that applied in Indonesia is the policy of Sustainable Food Agriculture Land Protection or Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (PLP2B policy). Until now, this policy was slowing the movement in Indonesia, including in Gunungkidul. This article aims to analyze the performance and dilemma of this policy in Gunungkidul. Qualitative research with case study approach had been done and data was collected through documentation or literature study, observation, in-depth interviews and Forum Group Discussion. The results showed that PLP2B policy has not been optimally implemented and still become a dilemma to local government rather than become a solution.

Effectiveness of the Prohibition of Farming Land Splitting Policy (Study on Land Sale and Purchase)

“…by a prohibition on dividing the land into parts that are too small (less than 2 ha) Article 17 paragraph (1) and paragraph (4) of Law Number 5 of 1960 respecting Basic Agrarian Regulations, often known as the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA), govern the minimum area of land ownership (1), taking into account the provisions in Article 7, where to achieve the objectives referred to in Article 2 paragraph (3), the maximum and or minimum land ar (4) The achievement of the minimum limit referred to in paragraph (1) of this article, which will be determined by legislation, will "Transfer of rights to agricultural land, except for inheritance distribution, is banned if the transfer leads in the emergence or continuance of land ownership with an area of fewer than two hectares." If the seller merely possesses a parcel of property with a total size of fewer than 2 hectares and all of the lands are sold, this prohibition does not apply.…”

“…If the seller merely possesses a parcel of property with a total size of fewer than 2 hectares and all of the lands are sold, this prohibition does not apply. (2): if two or more people own less than 2 hectares of land within one year, it is mandatory to appoint one who will own the land or transfer it following paragraph (1). Suppose those referred to in paragraph (2) of this article fail to meet their obligations.…”

“…Based on the data obtained from the literature study as well as information from the Land Deed Making Officer, it can be seen that the rules regarding minimum restrictions on land ownership and the prohibition of breaking up agricultural land are no longer effective and irrelevant to be applied, because (1) The increasing number of residents, while the land area is decreasing, makes the standard of land ownership of 2 hectares increasingly challenging to realize. According to data from BPS, the average ownership of agricultural land by the Indonesian people is not more than 0.5 hectares.…”

“…More than just food security is impacted by the Agricultural Land Ownership Crisis. However, there is also the issue of farmer land ownership, which is undoubtedly related to farmer welfare, particularly among sharecroppers [1]. According to the report, the World Bank's povertyeradication mechanisms were not created through land titling.…”

Sustainable Agricultural Policy Strategies to Support the Existence of Subsistence Agriculture in Lingga Regency

“…In this case, the local government anticipates under the national policy through the Protection of Sustainable Food Agricultural Land (PLP2B) policy, although the implementation is not fully running optimally. For example, a research (Anggalini et al, 2020) in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta showed that the performance of policy implementation (PLP2B) was not optimal. Stagnation in planning and implementation activities also affects the performance of other activities.…”