Sustainable reconstruction and planning strategies for Afghan cities: conservation in cultural and environmental heritage

Kazimee, Bashir A.

doi:10.2495/sc060051

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…After the wars, significant waves of migrants and rapid unplanned expansion have made it one of the most informally developed cities in the region. The urban sprawl and lack of capacity within the government to provide affordable houses have led the inhabitants to shape their living spaces by responding to the housing needs of the growing population [19]. As a result, informal settlements are overcrowded, providing shelter for around 80% of Kabul's population and covering 69% of Kabul's residential land, including 10,000 people living in tents and 5000 living in destroyed buildings [20].…”

Section: Kabul Residential Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEED Scores of Residential Buildings in Poor Cities: Kabul City Case

et al. 2021

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Urbanization and technology have proven to be detrimental to the environment. Buildings contribute a significant portion of this damage. This issue motivated governments, builders, engineers, and architects to seek ways to reduce buildings’ environmental footprints. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), developed by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), is one of the most widely used strategies to ensure energy efficiency and a clean environment in buildings. In Afghanistan, where there are no active regulatory frameworks for energy saving and efficiency for the building sector, it is imperative to promote the transformation of the building industry and practices towards sustainability. In this regard, the role of the residential building sector is of utmost importance due to its major share in the country’s energy consumption and GHG emissions profile. Thus, this study assesses the energy efficiency and environmental impact of existing buildings in Kabul city concerning the LEED rating system. This research suggests practical steps to improve the sustainability of the residential building stock in Kabul city. Robust sets of data on existing residential buildings in Kabul are collected, classified, evaluated, and compared to LEED standards. This research reveals and concludes that most of the existing buildings in Kabul city are in poor conditions and do not meet the minimum requirements to be a candidate for LEED certification. A detailed analysis of the results has led to recommendations on how these buildings could improve to meet the LEED criteria. This is the first study of its kind conducted for Kabul city residential building. Considering the cross-sectoral nature of the building industry, the findings of this study will contribute to many other areas such as water, transportation, ICT, health, energy and the environment.

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Section: Kabul Residential Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEED Scores of Residential Buildings in Poor Cities: Kabul City Case

et al. 2021

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“…As the location of Kabul city on ancient trade routes connecting India and China to the Persian trade routes and beyond to the West proves the opportunity of developing and represents many historical aspects which are considered as inherently important factors to its development (Kazimee & Najimi, 2017). The buildings in Kabul city are mostly designed following the traditional architecture representing the various needs of social and cultural requirements and the housing prototype is introverted courtyard house that perfectly matches with cultural requirements of Afghanistan lifestyle (Kazimee, 2006;Kazimee & Najimi, 2017). In addition to traditional architecture of Kabul city, the architectural style in Kabul city can be divided into two sections based on civilizations' influences: before and after emerging Islamic religion.…”

Section: Architectural History Of Kabul Citymentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of architectural monuments in Afghanistan as in the capital city, Kabul

Ayoobi

Demirkol

2021

DRArch

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Afghanistan as a multi-cultural country witnesses a diversity of architectural styles influenced by many civilizations. Architecture in the Kabul city, the capital of Afghanistan, encompasses styles before emerging Islamic and after emerging Islamic religion. Considering the civilization influences, architecture styles in Afghanistan may be divided into three parts: Central Asia, Persian, and Indian. Kabul city is the meeting place of all these three styles. After the establishment of current Afghanistan in 1747, for the first time the evolution of architectural style in Kabul city as the capital occurred in 1880 which has been influenced by western architecture styles, and it has become the most famous style in the city. Basically, the architecture styles in Kabul city in relation to the civilization influences are characterized by Central Asian, Persian, Indian, and Western styles which have been reflected in most of the architectural monuments in the country. In this paper it is aimed to study the architectural evolution of the Kabul city by considering the civilization impacts through history, particularly before emerging Islam and after emerging Islam religion. The associated architectural monuments of each historical period in the city were studied based on its architectural style and related civilization. Furthermore, these impacts on shaping the current architectural style of the Kabul city have also been reviewed. This study is carried out mostly by reviewing the literature to highlight the architectural styles developed over the periods in Kabul city and the impact of cultural influences on them. As a case from each historical period, the monuments according to their historical importance, architecture style, and construction method are evaluated. As a mapping technique, Arc GIS 10.5 is used to visualize the distribution of architectural monuments within Kabul city.

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“…Housing cooperatives and lending organizations that are secured by the government guarantees can be more effective in providing financial help for restoration, repair and lending to individuals to improve their dwellings [20]. The government should provide help with the provision of infrastructure and services (such as sewer, water, electricity, education and health facilities on these sites), which also may require incremental development in stages as funds become available.…”

Section: Educational and Research Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of urban regeneration and architectural heritage saving in kabul since 2001

Kazimee¹,

Najimi²

2017

Int. J. HA

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The tragic civil war in Afghanistan, since April 1978, has dealt a severe and destructive blow to the physical and social fabric of cities of the country. The regrettable victims in this conflict, however, which were entrapped, are the historic neighbourhoods in the cities, where fierce street-to-street fighting and use of heavy weaponry resulted in the utter destruction of their fine residential fabric and left some of the valuable historic buildings in ruin. Like many important urban and architectural heritage in Islamic cities, Kabul evolved through the agent of continued cultural participation, which entrusted deeper meanings to its architecture and urban form. Historically, Kabul, with its wonderful traditional architecture of courtyards, lavish Timurid (later Mughal) gardens, decorated worship centres and its glowing historic bazaars that enticed trade enterprises and merchants around the region, sustained a vibrant city life for its citizens. With an analysis of historical development and discussion of the importance of architectural and urban heritage of the historic city, this article will illustrate the postwar efforts of local and international aid organizations and their undertaking in the historical conservation process. The article will represent a case study of Murad-Khani, a historical conservation project in the Old City of Kabul, and deliberate its impact on the neighbourhood regeneration process. It will further examine the process of revitalization of architectural and urban heritage in the Old City in light of social and economic regeneration and cultural awareness.

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Sustainable reconstruction and planning strategies for Afghan cities: conservation in cultural and environmental heritage

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

LEED Scores of Residential Buildings in Poor Cities: Kabul City Case

LEED Scores of Residential Buildings in Poor Cities: Kabul City Case

An evaluation of architectural monuments in Afghanistan as in the capital city, Kabul

An analysis of urban regeneration and architectural heritage saving in kabul since 2001

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