Sustainable use of natural and chemical coagulants for contaminants removal from palm oil mill effluent: A comparative analysis

Jagaba, Ahmad Hussaini; Kutty, S. R. M.; Hayder, Gasim; Latiff, Ab Aziz Abdul; Aziz, N. Adila Ab; Umaru, Isaac John; Ghaleb, Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed; Abubakar, Sule; Lawal, Ibrahim Mohammed; Nasara, Mohammed Abdu

doi:10.1016/j.asej.2020.01.018

Cited by 57 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Among the analyzed solids, TVS had 54.8% (FeCl 3 / copolymer) and 57.0% (Tanfloc SH/copolymer) removals, which indicates great removals of organic load from the effluent by the use of the coagulants/copolymer (Jagaba et al 2020).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of a Coagulation/Flocculation Process as the Primary Treatment of Fish Processing Industry Wastewater

Land

Veit

Gonçalves

et al. 2020

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Fish processing sector produces huge amounts of high organic load wastewater. The use of primary-stage treatments such as the coagulation/ flocculation process (C/F) reduces part of the organic load, improving subsequent stages of wastewater treatment. Aiming at a primary wastewater treatment, the present study evaluated the performance of a combined coagulation/flocculation process, using two different coagulants (natural and inorganic) with and without an auxiliary copolymer, to treat the fish processing industry wastewater analyzing to the physicochemical parameters of water quality. For this purpose, the optimal conditions of the C/F process were obtained from a Doehlert experimental design (DED), using as independent variables the concentration of coagulants (Tanfloc SH or FeCl 3 ) and copolymer (Zetag®) and as the response variables the color and turbidity removals (%). The results show color, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand removals that range between 92 and 97% using both treatments at the FeCl 3 and copolymer concentration of 48.13 mg L −1 and 2.21 mg L −1 , respectively, and Tanfloc SH and copolymer concentration of 144.35 mg L −1 and 1.49 mg L −1 , respectively. C/F results were considered satisfactory due to the parameters' high initial values in the raw effluent. The treated effluent presented good biodegradability, and as C/F is a primary wastewater treatment, a subsequent biological treatment is needed so that the effluent meets the discharge standards. Tanfloc SH presented a removal efficiency comparable with the FeCl 3 at a primary wastewater treatment, having the advantage of a being biodegradable and nontoxic coagulant.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of a Coagulation/Flocculation Process as the Primary Treatment of Fish Processing Industry Wastewater

Land

Veit

Gonçalves

et al. 2020

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…Testing the efficiency of POC in concrete slabs, the mechanical interlock (m) and friction (k) between the steel and concrete were found to be 117. 67 discovered that horizontal shear-bond strength and structural behavior are satisfactory, nearly comparable to the conventional concrete slabs and could be used for composite slabs construction. Compared to conventional concrete slabs, POC concrete slab possess a reduction in weight of 18.3% [35].…”

Section: Poc As a Coarse Aggregatementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Relating circular economy to the oil palm industry, it has been reported by researchers that quantities of various dry palm oil biomass wastes can be obtained for 1 ton of crude palm oil produced from fresh fruit bunches (FFB). They could be: six tons of palm fronds, five tons of empty fruit bunches, one ton each of mesocarp fiber and palm trunks, 250 kg of Palm kernel cake, and 500 kg of palm kernel shell Palm oil mill effluent (POME) (100 tons) [24,66,67].…”

Section: Approaches To Foster Circular Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Palm Oil Clinker as a Waste by-Product: Utilization and Circular Economy Potential

Jagaba¹,

Kutty²,

Hayder³

et al. 2022

Elaeis Guineensis

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Conservation of natural resources to create ecological balance could be significantly improved by substituting them with waste by-products. Palm oil industry operations increases annually, thereby generating huge quantity of waste to be dumped into the landfill. Palm oil clinker (POC) is a solid waste by-product produced in one of the oil palm processing phases. This chapter is designed to highlight the generation, disposal problems, properties and composition of POC. The waste to resource potentials of POC would be greatly discussed in the chapter starting with the application of POC in conventional and geopolymer structural elements such as beams, slabs, columns made of either concrete, mortar or paste for coarse aggregates, sand and cement replacement. Aspects such as performance of POC in wastewater treatment processes, fine aggregate and cement replacement in asphaltic and bituminous mixtures during highway construction, a bio-filler in coatings for steel manufacturing processes and a catalyst during energy generation would also be discussed. Circular economy potentials, risk assessment and leaching behavior during POC utilization would be evaluated. The chapter also discusses the effectiveness of POC in soil stabilization and the effect of POC pretreatment for performance enhancement. Towards an efficient utilization, it is important to carry out technical and economic studies, as well as life cycle assessments, in order to compare all the POC areas of application described in the present review article. POC powder has proven to be pozzolanic with maximum values of 17, 53.7, 0.92, 3.87, 1.46, for CaO, SiO2, SO3, Fe2O3 and Al2O3. Therefore, the present chapter would inspire researchers to find research gaps that will aid the sustainable use of agroindustry wastes. The fundamental knowledge contained in the chapter could also serve as a wake-up call for researchers that will motivate them to explore the high potential of utilizing POC for greater environmental benefits associated with less cost when compared with conventional materials.

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“…[28]. The oil palm extraction rate has rapidly increased due to the increasing oil palm global demand [39,40]. As a consequence, fresh porous lumped POC is continuously generated [41].…”

Section: Sustainable Approach For Oil Palm Waste Handlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Literature Review on Waste-to-Resource Potential of Palm Oil Clinker for Sustainable Engineering and Environmental Applications

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Several agro-waste materials have been utilized for sustainable engineering and environmental application over the past decades, showing different degrees of effectiveness. However, information concerning the wider use of palm oil clinker (POC) and its performance is still lacking. Therefore, as a solid waste byproduct produced in one of the oil palm processing stages, generating a huge quantity of waste mostly dumped into the landfill, the waste-to-resource potential of POC should be thoroughly discussed in a review. Thus, this paper provides a systematic review of the current research articles on the several advances made from 2005 to 2021 regarding palm oil clinker physical properties and performances, with a particular emphasis on their commitments to cost savings during environmental and engineering applications. The review begins by identifying the potential of POC application in conventional and geopolymer structural elements such as beams, slabs, and columns made of concrete, mortar, or paste for coarse aggregates, sand, and cement replacement. Aspects such as performance of POC in wastewater treatment processes, fine aggregate and cement replacement in asphaltic and bituminous mixtures during highway construction, a bio-filler in coatings for steel manufacturing processes, and a catalyst during energy generation are also discussed. This review further describes the effectiveness of POC in soil stabilization and the effect of POC pretreatment for performance enhancement. The present review can inspire researchers to find research gaps that will aid the sustainable use of agroindustry wastes. The fundamental knowledge contained in this review can also serve as a wake-up call for researchers that will motivate them to explore the high potential of utilizing POC for greater environmental benefits associated with less cost when compared with conventional materials.

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Sustainable use of natural and chemical coagulants for contaminants removal from palm oil mill effluent: A comparative analysis

Cited by 57 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of a Coagulation/Flocculation Process as the Primary Treatment of Fish Processing Industry Wastewater

Evaluation of a Coagulation/Flocculation Process as the Primary Treatment of Fish Processing Industry Wastewater

Palm Oil Clinker as a Waste by-Product: Utilization and Circular Economy Potential

A Systematic Literature Review on Waste-to-Resource Potential of Palm Oil Clinker for Sustainable Engineering and Environmental Applications

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