Sustained attention in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder: a controlled study

Milliery, Maud; Bouvard, Martine; Aupetit, J.; Cottraux, Jean

doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(00)00210-9

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The result of preserved working memory performance in OCD is in accordance with the majority of studies on verbal short-term memory span (most commonly assessed with Digit Span) which found this aspect of working memory to be unaffected in OCD (Aronowitz et al 1994;Cohen et al 1996;Milliery et al 2000;Moritz et al 2002;Okasha et al 2000;Savage et al 1996;Zielinski et al 1991). Results are less consistent for visuo-spatial short-term memory, which has been found to be impaired in some (Purcell et al 1998a;van der Wee et al 2003;Zielinski et al 1991) but not all (Martin et al 1995) studies on OCD.…”

Section: Differential Memory Deficits In Ocdsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Thus differential effects across studies could represent either sample and test characteristics or point to genuine differential impairment across various memory domains or contents in OCD. In general the ability to store and manipulate information for a short time, working memory, has been found by the majority of studies to be unaffected in OCD (Aronowitz et al 1994;Cohen et al 1996;Martin et al 1995;Milliery et al 2000;Moritz et al 2002;Okasha et al 2000;Savage et al 1996;Zielinski et al 1991). There seems to be some reduction of visuo-spatial working memory performance on tasks with high memory load (Purcell et al 1998a;van der Wee et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Focused Ruminations and Memory Deficits in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

2007

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Previous research has shown memory deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) but has been inconsistent as to which aspects of memory are affected and how deficits are linked to OCD symptoms. The current study assessed working, episodic and semantic memory in 19 subjects with OCD and 19 matched controls. The severity of OCD symptoms was assessed using a clinicianrated scale (Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Y-BOCS) and a self-report measure (Padua InventoryRevised, PI-R). Episodic and semantic memory performance was significantly reduced in OCD subjects relative to controls while working memory was preserved. Episodic memory performance in both OCD and healthy control subjects was significantly related to the Padua dimensions Rumination and Checking even if the influence of depressive mood and total OC symptom severity was controlled for. Linear regression revealed that Rumination was most closely related to episodic memory performance in both OCD and healthy control subjects above Checking. Results point to the possible impact of self-focused attention on effortful encoding processes.

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Section: Differential Memory Deficits In Ocdsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Focused Ruminations and Memory Deficits in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder

2007

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“…It should be noted that the lateralization to the right hemisphere seen strongly in our data was also observed in the study of depressed patients [27] . Area 25, the visceral emotional area, is followed by area 24, the attentional center, as we ascend the arch of the anterior cingulate; since OCD patients are not characterized by attentional deficits [88] , the pattern of response is not unexpected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Risperidone Augmentation in Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor-Refractory Patients

Buchsbaum¹,

Hollander²,

Pallanti³

et al. 2006

Neuropsychobiology

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We studied 15 nondepressed patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who were nonresponders to serotonin reuptake inhibitors with an additive trial of risperidone. Positron emission tomography with ¹⁸F-deoxyglucose and magnetic resonance imaging was obtained at baseline and following 8 weeks of either risperidone or placebo in a double-blind parallel group design. Risperidone treatment was associated with significant increases in relative metabolic rate in the striatum, cingulate gyrus, the prefrontal cortex, especially in the orbital region, and the thalamus. Four of 9 patients who received risperidone showed clinical improvement (CGI score of 1 or 2 at 8 weeks) while none of the 6 patients who received placebo showed improvement. Patients with low relative metabolic rates in the striatum and high relative metabolic rates in the anterior cingulate gyrus were more likely to show a clinical response. These metabolic predictors of clinical response are consistent with earlier PET studies showing similar prediction when either neuroleptics or serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatments are administered individually. Our results are consistent with a frontostriatal circuit change related to both dopaminergic and serotonergic systems and with the presence of psychopharmacological subtypes within OCD.

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“…The results of the RVIP task point to deficits in sustained attention that also remained stable over the three testing sessions and correlated with symptom severity. Previous studies using the digit-symbol test have yielded inconsistent results (e.g., Aronowitz et al 1994;Hollander et al 1991;Schmidtke et al 1998), while tests using variants of continuous performance tasks often show intact sustained attention (Milliery et al 2000;Zielinski et al 1991; see also Nordahl et al 1989). Milliery and colleagues did however observe a correlation between symptom severity and CPT sensitivity, as was also presently the case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent studies have indicated impairments limited to the most difficult levels of the task (Chamberlain et al 2007) or intact performance with evidence for effective compensatory mechanisms in OCD (Henseler et al 2008;van der Wee et al 2003). A sustained attention task, the rapid visual information processing (RVIP, Park et al 1994), was also included to examine whether attentional deficits may underlie general performance, though previous studies have shown limited evidence for impairments in sustained attention in OCD (Kuelz et al 2004;Milliery et al 2000;Zielinski et al 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%