Sustained smooth pursuit eye movements with eye-induced reverse-phi motion

Portron, Arthur; Lorenceau, Jean

doi:10.1167/17.1.5

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The ability of pursuit to predict the future trajectory of target motion is also illustrated by the pursuit of targets that momentarily disappear from view. When the target is removed from view after pursuit is under way, pursuit initially slows down and then speeds up again as the expected time of reappearance of the target approaches (e.g., Becker & Fuchs 1985, Bennett & Barnes 2004, Portron & Lorenceau 2017. Barnes & Collins (2008) found that when the target disappeared at or shortly after the onset of target motion, eye velocity continued to increase, albeit at rates below those found with a continuously visible target.…”

Section: Pursuit During the Brief Disappearance Of A Moving Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The finding that pursuit can continue across periods of target disappearance supports the conclusion that internal representations of the motion path, derived from memory or from cues, are effective stimuli for pursuit. Pursuit across periods of occlusion is constrained to such a large degree by the motion seen prior to the occlusion, the motion expected after the occlusion, and the perceptual characteristics of the occluder (Portron & Lorenceau 2017) that pursuit is more likely to be due to internal representations derived from characteristics of the stimulus or events than to arbitrarily imagined signals or to willful direction of the eye. People cannot do with pursuit eye movements what they can do easily with smooth movements of the arm in darkness, namely initiate a smooth series of movements in any chosen pattern (Krauzlis 2004) [although Becker & Fuchs (1985) claimed that two of their well-practiced subjects could].…”

Section: Pursuit During the Brief Disappearance Of A Moving Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Predictive Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements

Kowler

Rubinstein

Santos

et al. 2019

Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Smooth pursuit eye movements maintain the line of sight on smoothly moving targets. Although often studied as a response to sensory motion, pursuit anticipates changes in motion trajectories, thus reducing harmful consequences due to sensorimotor processing delays. Evidence for predictive pursuit includes ( a) anticipatory smooth eye movements (ASEM) in the direction of expected future target motion that can be evoked by perceptual cues or by memory for recent motion, ( b) pursuit during periods of target occlusion, and ( c) improved accuracy of pursuit with self-generated or biologically realistic target motions. Predictive pursuit has been linked to neural activity in the frontal cortex and in sensory motion areas. As behavioral and neural evidence for predictive pursuit grows and statistically based models augment or replace linear systems approaches, pursuit is being regarded less as a reaction to immediate sensory motion and more as a predictive response, with retinal motion serving as one of a number of contributing cues.

show abstract

Section: Pursuit During the Brief Disappearance Of A Moving Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pursuit During the Brief Disappearance Of A Moving Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements

Kowler

Rubinstein

Santos

et al. 2019

Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A second aspect, more technical, must also be considered: the speed of the tracked target was between 16 and 21°/s depending on the patterns, and chosen to allow good tracking in the tracking phase. However, the endogenous generation of smooth pursuit on the flickering background should probably occur at a lower speed to “catch” the illusory motion that allows generating smooth pursuit regarding the stimulus parameters used in this experiment (Lorenceau, 2012; Portron and Lorenceau, 2017). This mismatch between the speed of the tracked target and the eye velocity needed to endogenously generate smooth pursuit can explain, at least in part, the difficulties encountered by participants to freely reproduce the trajectories of the moving target.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a single frame, all disks had the same luminance, and all disks changed their contrast polarity at 10 Hz, switching from lighter than the background to darker, and reverse. This flickering stimulus is designed to allow endogenously generating SPEM, as shown in a previous study (Lorenceau, 2012; Portron and Lorenceau, 2017). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Auditory Feedback of Eye Movements: An Exploratory Study toward Improving Oculomotor Control

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As eye movements are mostly automatic and overtly generated to attain visual goals, individuals have a poor metacognitive knowledge of their own eye movements. We present an exploratory study on the effects of real-time continuous auditory feedback generated by eye movements. We considered both a tracking task and a production task where smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) can be endogenously generated. In particular, we used a visual paradigm which enables to generate and control SPEM in the absence of a moving visual target. We investigated whether real-time auditory feedback of eye movement dynamics might improve learning in both tasks, through a training protocol over 8 days. The results indicate that real-time sonification of eye movements can actually modify the oculomotor behavior, and reinforce intrinsic oculomotor perception. Nevertheless, large inter-individual differences were observed preventing us from reaching a strong conclusion on sensorimotor learning improvements.

show abstract

“…Note that the eye-movements are not explicitly drawn as graphic traces on the screen, but are nevertheless seen by the “eye-writer” as a faint wake produced by the retinal slip. The ease with which participants generate SPEM depends on the stimulus characteristics, such as the contrast of the disks, and the frequency of light-to-dark and dark-to light alternations (Portron and Lorenceau, 2017). During the training sessions, these parameters were interactively adjusted depending on the participants’ report of seeing an illusory motion during their eye-movements.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cursive Eye-Writing With Smooth-Pursuit Eye-Movement Is Possible in Subjects With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder causing a progressive motor weakness of all voluntary muscles, whose progression challenges communication modalities such as handwriting or speech. The current study investigated whether ALS subjects can use Eye-On-Line (EOL), a novel eye-operated communication device allowing, after training, to voluntarily control smooth-pursuit eye-movements (SPEM) so as to eye-write in cursive. To that aim, ALS participants ( n = 12) with preserved eye-movements but impaired handwriting were trained during six on-site visits. The primary outcome of the study was the recognition of eye-written digits (0–9) from ALS and healthy control subjects by naïve “readers.” Changes in oculomotor performance and the safety of EOL were also evaluated. At the end of the program, 69.4% of the eye-written digits from 11 ALS subjects were recognized by naïve readers, similar to the 67.3% found for eye-written digits from controls participants, with however, large inter-individual differences in both groups of “writers.” Training with EOL was associated with a transient fatigue leading one ALS subject to drop out the study at the fifth visit. Otherwise, itching eyes was the most common adverse event (3 subjects). This study shows that, despite the impact of ALS on the motor system, most ALS participants could improve their mastering of eye-movements, so as to produce recognizable eye-written digits, although the eye-traces sometimes needed smoothing to ease digit legibility from both ALS subjects and control participants. The capability to endogenously and voluntarily generate eye-traces using EOL brings a novel way to communicate for disabled individuals, allowing creative personal and emotional expression.

show abstract

Sustained smooth pursuit eye movements with eye-induced reverse-phi motion

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Predictive Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements

Predictive Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements

Continuous Auditory Feedback of Eye Movements: An Exploratory Study toward Improving Oculomotor Control

Cursive Eye-Writing With Smooth-Pursuit Eye-Movement Is Possible in Subjects With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About