Sweat Gland Responses to Sympathetic Stimulation Studied by the Galvanic Skin Reflex Method

Richter, Curt P.; Whelan, Frederick G.

doi:10.1152/jn.1943.6.3.191

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…There is ample evidence that both types of bioelectrical activity are predominantly innervated by the sympathetic nervous system (9,10), and the results of this study are not at variance with this evidence. While the local neurophysiological effector systems involved in the production of skin bioelectrical activity may be varied, this does not necessarily mean that different neural control mechanisms are involved.…”

Section: As Pointed Out By Mcclearneysupporting

confidence: 53%

Effect of local blood removal on skin resistance and potential.

Rc¹

1958

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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Goadby and Goadby (5, 6) have demonstarted that exsanguination of a foot by means of an Esmarch bandage will diminish the skinresistance response with no effect on the uniphasic negative wave of the skin-potential response. The effects of exsanguination on the positive wave of the skin-potential response and the effects on skin-resistance and -potential base levels were not described. Carmichael et al.(1), recording skin resistance only from the finger, confirmed their observation of the effect of exsanguination on the amplitude of the skin-resistance response. Because of the significance of Goadby and Goadby's results for determining the local neurophysiological mechanism of skin bioelectrical activity, further study of the effects of exsanguination was the purpose of this study.The procedure used in Goadby and Goadby's experiment was not described in detail, but they apparently made simultaneous recordings of skin resistance and potential with electrode combinations on the palm and dorsuin of the hand and sole and dorsuin of the foot. A switching arrangement was used for recording either skin resistance or potential from the hand or foot. Thus, with exsanguination of the foot, the hand was used as the control area. In the present experiment skin resistance alternating with skin potential were recorded from both feet simultaneous!}' before, during, and after exsanguination of one foot by an Esmarch bandage. The effects of exsanguination were assessed by comparing base levels and response amplitudes and wave forms under these conditions. The results confirm the differential effects of exsanguination on the skin-resistance response and negative wave of the skinpotential response reported by Goadby and Goadby, but also show that exsanguination abolishes the positive wave of the skinpotential response and has inconsistent effects on skin-resistance and -potential base levels.In the interpretation of these results, the 1 This study was supported by research funds from the Board of Control of the State of Nebraska. role of oxygen reduction to the skin appeared to be an obvious factor for consideration. This is suggested by the work of Granit (7), who has shown that reduction of oxygen supply to the retina brought about by compression of the carotid artery will abolish the positive "b" wave of the electroretinogram with no effect on the other wave forms. As the various studies of the effects of arterial occlusion on the skin-resistance response have yielded conflicting results (3), and as the effects on skin potential have apparently not been investigated, the effects of arterial occlusion were also studied. The same procedure was used as in the main study except that the Esmarch bandage was used to produce arterial occlusion without exsanguinating the limb, and the results show only slight effects on the skin-resistance response and no effects on the skin-potential response. METHODThe procedures with exsanguination and arterial occlusion were the same except as noted at the end of this section. InstrumentationTwo-chan...

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Section: As Pointed Out By Mcclearneysupporting

confidence: 53%

Effect of local blood removal on skin resistance and potential.

Rc¹

1958

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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“…An approach to quantitative treatment of GSR has been attempted by several investigators (3,5,6,9,10 On the other hand, however, investigations into GSR of animals have shown that response was always monophasic deflection (14,15,20,22). Fixing the animal on the board in any way might exercise an inhibitory action on GSR, because positive deflections are easily suppressed by the pressure applied to the skin (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Effector Mechanism of Galvanic Skin Reflex

Takagi

Nakayama

1959

Jpn.J.Physiol

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“…Historically, opinion has been that skin resistance and skin potential represent different manifestations of the same neurophysiological systems and the results obtained with the two recording procedures can be used interchangeably (8). This opinion has been supported by sympathetic denervation studies (5,9,10), which have shown that both kinds of bioelectrical acitivity are controlled by sympathetic innervation, and by the high correlation between skin-resistance and -potential responses obtained by Jeffress (7). However, exsanguination studies (4,5,11) have indicated that the local mechanisms of skin potential are at least in part separate from, and perhaps more complicated than, those of skin resistance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of skin resistance and potential.

Rc¹

1958

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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Sweat Gland Responses to Sympathetic Stimulation Studied by the Galvanic Skin Reflex Method

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of local blood removal on skin resistance and potential.

Effect of local blood removal on skin resistance and potential.

Peripheral Effector Mechanism of Galvanic Skin Reflex

Correlation of skin resistance and potential.

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