Sweet Chestnut (<i>Castanea sativa</i>Mill.) Bark Extract: Cardiovascular Activity and Myocyte Protection against Oxidative Damage

Chiarini, Alberto; Micucci, Matteo; Malaguti, Marco; Budriesi, Roberta; Ioan, Pierfranco; Lenzi, Monia; Fimognari, Carmela; Toschi, Tullia Gallina; Comandini, Patrizia; Hrelia, Silvana

doi:10.1155/2013/471790

Cited by 49 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, ENC concentrations exerting neuroprotective effects towards GLU and H 2 O 2 damage (mostly at 10–50 μg/ml) were in the same range of those producing protective effects in rat cardiomyocites exposed to H 2 O 2 [Chiarini et al, ]. Tannins, in fact, are able to inhibit lipid peroxidation and lipoxygenases in vitro and to scavenge free radicals such as hydroxyl, superoxide, and peroxyl [Gyamfi and Aniya, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extract obtained by the bark of Castanea sativa Mill (ENC) contains high amounts of hydrolizable tannins such as vescalagin, castalagin, vescalin, castalin, gallic acid, and ellagic acid, whose qualitative and quantitative chemical characterization has been recently performed [Chiarini et al, ]. ENC has been shown to modulate the entire gastrointestinal tract motility [Budriesi et al, ; Micucci et al, ], to act as antioxidant and cytoprotective agent in rat cultured cardiomyocytes [Chiarini et al, ], to possess antihelmintic, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities, to reduce oxidative stress as well as to prevent DNA damage when orally administered [Frankic and Salobir, ]. Its neuroprotective effects, however, have never been assessed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective Effects ofCastanea sativaMill. Bark Extract in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Subjected to Oxidative Stress

et al. 2015

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One of the major features of neurodegenerative disease is the selective vulnerability of different neuronal populations that are affected in a progressive and often stereotyped manner. Despite the susceptible neuronal population varies between diseases, oxidative stress is implicated as the major pathogenic process in all of them. Natural Extract of Castanea sativa Mill. bark (ENC), recently characterized in its phenolic composition, acts as antioxidant and cardioprotective agent. Its neuroprotettive properties, however, have never been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess neuroprotection of ENC in in vitro models of oxidative-stress-mediate injury. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with glutamate (50 mM for 24 h) or hydrogen peroxide (25 μM for 1 h followed by 24 with medium) were used. The results showed that the addition of ENC (1-50 μg/ml) to cell medium before the neuronal damage provided neuroprotection in both experimental models used, while its addition after the injury was ineffective. In conclusion, the present results suggest that ENC could be a valuable support as dietary supplement, combining beneficial preventive neuroprotettive effects with a high antioxidant activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroprotective Effects ofCastanea sativaMill. Bark Extract in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Subjected to Oxidative Stress

et al. 2015

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“…Method was previously described. 19 Aortic Strips. The thoracic aorta was removed and placed in Tyrode solution of the following composition (mM): NaCl 118, KCl …”

Section: Guinea-pig Isolated Cardiovascular Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Flowers and Olea Europea L. Leaves Extract-Based Formulation for Hypertension Care: In Vitro Efficacy and Toxicological Profile

Micucci

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et al. 2016

Journal of Medicinal Food

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Olea europaea L. leaves extract (Oe) and Hybiscus sabdariffa L. flowers extract (Hs) have calcium antagonistic properties. Aim of this work was to study the cardiovascular effects of Pres Phytum(®), a nutraceutical formulation containing a mixture of the two extracts and the excipients, and investigate its possible off-target effects, using in vitro biological assays on guinea pig isolated organs. Cardiovascular effects were assessed using guinea pig atria and aorta. The effects of Pres Phytum on spontaneous gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory tracts smooth muscle contractility were evaluated. Pres Phytum exerted a vasorelaxant effect (IC50 = 2.38 mg/mL) and a negative chronotropic effect (IC50 = 1.04 mg/mL) at concentrations lower than those producing smooth muscle spontaneous contractility alterations in the other organs. Compared to Pres Phytum, the mixture did not exert negative inotropic activity, while it maintained a negative chronotropic efficacy (IC50 = 1.04 mg/mL). These experimental data suggest a possible nutraceutical use of this food supplement for the management of preclinical hypertension.

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“…Release of tannins can be achieved by means of water extraction [113,124], also with addition of inorganic salt (Na 2 CO 3 , NaHSO 3 ) [125], as well as hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol [126], methanol [127] or water-ethanol [124] and water-chloroform mixtures [112]. The extract prepared from Terminalia paniculata bark after water-chloroform extraction treatment contained gallic acid, ellagic acid, quercetin and rutin [112].…”

Section: Polyphenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lignocellulose Related Compounds on Microalgae Growth and Product Biosynthesis: A Review

et al. 2014

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Microalgae contain valuable compounds that can be harnessed for industrial applications. Lignocellulose biomass is a plant material containing in abundance organic substances such as carbohydrates, phenolics, organic acids and other secondary compounds. As growth of microalgae on organic substances was confirmed during heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation, lignocellulose derived compounds can become a feedstock to cultivate microalgae and produce target compounds. In this review, different treatment methods to hydrolyse lignocellulose into organic substrates are presented first. Secondly, the effect of lignocellulosic hydrolysates, organic substances typically present in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, as well as minor co-products, on growth and accumulation of target compounds in microalgae cultures is described. Finally, the possibilities of using lignocellulose hydrolysates as a common feedstock for microalgae cultures are evaluated.Keywords: lignocellulose; hydrolysis; microalgae; cultivation; extraction; bioproducts OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2014, 7 4447 Microalgae: A Source of Valuable CompoundsMicroalgae include several groups of microorganisms that belong to the Prokaryota or Eukaryota, typically found in fresh water or marine systems in single cell forms or in groups. They are capable of performing photosynthesis, producing approximately half of the atmospheric oxygen while using the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide to grow photoautotrophically [1]. Microalgae contain valuable compounds such as lipids, proteins and pigments (Table 1) which have substantial potential for commercial applications. Microalgae cells accumulate lipids which include triacylglycerides (TAGs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and sterols [2]. These lipids constitute storage materials or membrane structural components in microalgae and can be used for biofuel, food supplement and pharmaceutical production. Indeed, fossil fuels are nowadays still the main source of carbon based fuels, the exploitation of which causes emission of greenhouse CO 2 . Biodiesel production from oil crops is seen as currently the best alternative, but still presents the main drawback of competing with food production for arable land. Therefore, production of biodiesel from TAGs present in microalgae can become an environmentally friendly alternative as microalgae produce oil and fix CO 2 from atmosphere without the necessity of implementing vast arable areas for cultivation [3]. On the other hand, consumption of PUFAs in the human diet can help prevent the development of cardiovascular and mental diseases [4]. Fish are a rich source of PUFAs, but uncontrolled fishing has led to a substantial decrease in the worldwide fish population [5]. Production of PUFAs from microalgae may overcome this problem. On the other hand, sterols from microalgae are important part of the diet for juvenile scallops or prawns in aquaculture hatcheries [6]. Moreover, the high protein content in microalgae makes them a possible fodder for agricultural livestock [7]. In ad...

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Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativaMill.) Bark Extract: Cardiovascular Activity and Myocyte Protection against Oxidative Damage

Cited by 49 publications

References 50 publications

Neuroprotective Effects ofCastanea sativaMill. Bark Extract in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Subjected to Oxidative Stress

Neuroprotective Effects ofCastanea sativaMill. Bark Extract in Human Neuroblastoma Cells Subjected to Oxidative Stress

Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Flowers and Olea Europea L. Leaves Extract-Based Formulation for Hypertension Care: In Vitro Efficacy and Toxicological Profile

Effect of Lignocellulose Related Compounds on Microalgae Growth and Product Biosynthesis: A Review

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