Swelling of oligomer-polymer particles. New methods of preparation

Ugelstad, J.; Mørk, Preben C.; Kaggerud, Kari Herder; Ellingsen, T.; Berge, Arvid

doi:10.1016/0001-8686(80)87003-5

Cited by 646 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Latexes in this size range with narrow particle size distribution (coefficient of variation <2%) have been prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization from latexes of smaller particle size, either by Vanderhoff s successive seeding method' or Ugelstad's twostage swelling method. 2 The method of dispersion polymerization in alcohol by Almog, Reich, and Levy3 offered a n interesting alternative for preparing relatively uniform polymer particles in this size range by a simple process. Their method involved the use of a polymeric stabilizer in combination with a quaternary ammonium salt as a co-stabilizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniform polymer particles by dispersion polymerization in alcohol

Tseng

El‐Aasser

et al. 1986

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

474

238

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SynopsisUniform polystyrene particles in 1-10 p m size range and up to 40% solid contents have been prepared by polymerizing styrene in ethyl alcohol with am-type initiators and a polymeric stabilizer polyvinylpyrrolidone along with a n anionic, nonionic, or comonomeric co-stabilizer. Effects of polymerization parameters, such as monomer concentration, type of co-stabilizer, initiator type and concentration, crosslinking monomer, and diluent on average particle size and size distribution have been studied. Functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, amine, amide, silane, polydimethylsiloxane, and silacrown have been successfully incorporated onto the particles by copolymerization. A mechanism for particle formation and growth in dispersion polymerization is presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uniform polymer particles by dispersion polymerization in alcohol

Tseng

El‐Aasser

et al. 1986

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

474

238

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“…In the present work we have studied the chain formation of non-magnetic microspheres [15] dispersed in thin layer of ferrofluid [16] induced by external magnetic fields, see Figure 5. …”

Section: Aggregation and Chaining Of Magnetic Holesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiments where carried out using 50 µm diameter nonmagnetic polystyrene particles produced by Ugelstad's technique [15], in a kerozene-based ferrofluid [16]. The confining cell consisted of two glass plates kept at 70 µm separation by using a few 70 µm diameter spheres as spacers.…”

Section: Interactions Of Magnetic Holes In Ferrofluid Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Assembly and Dynamics of Magnetic Holes

Skjeltorp

Akselvoll

Kristiansen

et al. 2004

Forces, Growth and Form in Soft Condensed Matter: At the Interface Between Physics and Biology

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Nonmagnetic particles in magnetized ferrofluids have been denoted magnetic holes and are in many ways ideal model systems to test various forms of particle self assembly and dynamics. Some case studies to be reviewed here include:• Chaining of magnetic holes • Braid theory and Zipf relation used in dynamics of magnetic microparticles • Interactions of magnetic holes in ferrofluid layersThe objectives of these works have been to find simple characterizations of complex behavior of particles with dipolar interactions.

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“…[8][9][10][11][12] However, the preparation of crosslinked microspheres using the above conventional polymerizations has not been successful as the following. [10][11][12][13] (1) Micron-sized polymer particles has not been produced in emulsion polymerization. (2) Highly crosslinked spherical particles have not been synthesized in dispersion polymerization, 0.5 wt% of crosslinking agent was the maximum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of co-initiator on the size distribution of the stable poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microspheres in acetone/water mixture

Choi

Lee

et al. 2009

Macromol. Res.

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Stable poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) [P(St-co-DVB)] microspheres with narrow size distribution were synthesized in the presence of 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile) (V-65) and co-initiator in an acetone/water mixture in the precipitation polymerization at 53 o C for 24 h. Potassium peroxodisulfate (KPS), ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS) and sodium peroxodisulfate (NaPS) were used as co-initiators. The optimum ratio of acetone to water for the formation of a narrow distribution of P(St-co-DVB) particles was 49:11 (g/g). The optimum co-initiator compositions for narrow distribution were 9:1 (g/g) for V-65 to KPS, 11:1 for V-65 to APS and 6:1 for V-65 to NaPS. The yield for these compositions was 54~57% and the largest particle size was obtained with the lowest zeta-potential and CV values. From the XPS measurements, the charge density was increased but the zeta potential decreased with increasing sulfur content, implying that the sulfate group provides the electrostatic stabilization on the particle surface. This suggested that the self-crosslinking between styrene and DVB, the electrostatic stabilization of initiators, and the balanced hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of the solvents are responsible for the formation of stable P(St-co-DVB) spherical particles with narrow size distribution.

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Swelling of oligomer-polymer particles. New methods of preparation

Cited by 646 publications

References 15 publications

Uniform polymer particles by dispersion polymerization in alcohol

Uniform polymer particles by dispersion polymerization in alcohol

Self-Assembly and Dynamics of Magnetic Holes

Effect of co-initiator on the size distribution of the stable poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microspheres in acetone/water mixture

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