Swine Influenza Virus Infections in Humans

Dowdle, Walter R.; Hattwick, Michael A. W.

doi:10.1093/infdis/136.supplement_3.s386

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thus, this RT-PCR detects influenza virus from multiple species. Given the propensity of influenza A viruses to cross the species (1,15), 18 and their zoonotic potential (2,3,5) this assay can be used with relative ease and speed to aid virus surveillance that is advantageous not only to the equine industry but also to public health.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR for Detection and Quantitative Analysis of Equine Influenza Virus

Quinlivan

Dempsey²,

Ryan³

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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Equine influenza is a cause of epizootic respiratory disease of the equine. The detection of equine influenza virus using real-time Light Cycler reverse transcription (RT)-PCR technology was evaluated over two influenza seasons with the analysis of 171 samples submitted for viral respiratory disease. Increased sensitivity was found in overall viral detection with this system compared to Directigen Flu A and virus isolation, which were 40% and 23%, respectively, that of the RT-PCR. The assay was also evaluated as a viable replacement for the more traditional methods of quantifying equine influenza virus, 50% egg infectious dose and 50% tissue culture infectious dose. There was a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) between the quantitative RT-PCR and both of these assays.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR for Detection and Quantitative Analysis of Equine Influenza Virus

Quinlivan

Dempsey²,

Ryan³

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Both persons involved had close contact with pigs, and no evidence for spread of the virus beyond family members with pig contact could be found ( 5 ). …”

Section: Swine Flu At Fort DIXmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on the 1976 Swine Flu Vaccination Program

Sencer

Millar

2006

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

138

104

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“…The first known swine H1N1 influenza virus was isolated in 1930 (9). This virus was shown to exhibit similarities in sequence to the 1918 H1N1 virus that was recently reconstructed from preserved patient specimens (10, 11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity to Pre-1950 H1N1 Influenza Viruses Confers Cross-Protection against the Pandemic Swine-Origin 2009 A (H1N1) Influenza Virus

Skountzou

Koutsonanos

Kim

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

107

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The 2009 H1N1 influenza virus outbreak is the first pandemic of the twenty-first century. Epidemiological data reveal that of all the people afflicted with H1N1 virus, <5% are over 51 y of age. Interestingly, in the uninfected population, 33% of those >60 y old have pre-existing neutralizing Abs against the 2009 H1N1 virus. This finding suggests that influenza strains that circulated 50–60 y ago might provide cross-protection against the swine-origin 2009 H1N1 influenza virus. To test this, we determined the ability of representative H1N1 influenza viruses that circulated in the human population from 1930 to 2000, to induce cross-reactivity to and cross-protection against the pandemic swine-origin H1N1 virus, A/California/04/09. We show that exposure of mice to the 1947 virus, A/FM/1/47, or the 1934 virus, A/PR/8/34, induced robust cross-protective immune responses and these mice were protected against a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted A/California/04/09 H1N1 virus. Conversely, we observed that mice exposed to the 2009 H1N1 virus were protected against a lethal challenge with mouse-adapted 1947 or 1934 H1N1 viruses. In addition, exposure to the 2009 H1N1 virus induced broad cross-reactivity against H1N1 as well as H3N2 influenza viruses. Finally, we show that vaccination with the older H1N1 viruses, particularly A/FM/1/47, confers protective immunity against the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus. Taken together, our data provide an explanation for the decreased susceptibility of the elderly to the 2009 H1N1 outbreak and demonstrate that vaccination with the pre-1950 influenza strains can cross-protect against the pandemic swine-origin 2009 H1N1 influenza virus.

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Swine Influenza Virus Infections in Humans

Cited by 44 publications

References 12 publications

Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR for Detection and Quantitative Analysis of Equine Influenza Virus

Real-Time Reverse Transcription PCR for Detection and Quantitative Analysis of Equine Influenza Virus

Reflections on the 1976 Swine Flu Vaccination Program

Immunity to Pre-1950 H1N1 Influenza Viruses Confers Cross-Protection against the Pandemic Swine-Origin 2009 A (H1N1) Influenza Virus

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