Swine pox in Nigeria

Olufemi, B. E.; Ayoade, G. O.; Bo, Ikede; Akpavie, S. O.; Nwufoh, KJ

doi:10.1136/vr.109.13.278

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Several cases of fatal generalised vaccinia virus infection in human fetuses were reported during the smallpox eradication programme (Green and others 1966, Vorst and Gaillard 1983). Congenital fatal swinepox virus infections in pigs were observed in Nigeria (Olufemi and others 1981), in the Netherlands (Borst and others 1990) and in England (Paton and others 1990). Moreover, it has been shown that congenital ectromelia infection caused by the ectromelia virus was endemic in farms of silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and mink (Mustela lutreola) in the Czech Republic (Mahnel and others 1993).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cowpox virus infection causing stillbirth in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus )

et al. 2001

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Cowpox virus infection causing stillbirth in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus )

et al. 2001

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“…The lesions were restricted to the skin and regional lymph nodes, and the virus was isolated only from these tissues. However, in natural cases of swinepox in neonatal piglets, lesions in the mouth and respiratory tract were described (Olefumi et al 1981), and oral lesions were also found in congenital swinepox (Borst et al 1990), so the virus may be capable of some replication in sites other than the skin. The circulating VN antibody response to the oral administration of virus in the present study was similar to that found by Mayr et al (1966) in response to intravenous or intradermal infection with spy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential viral vectors for the stimulation of mucosal antibody responses against enteric viral antigens in pigs

Tuboly

Nagy

Derbyshire

1993

Research in Veterinary Science

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Four viruses were compared for their ability to induce an intestinal antibody response in piglets. Antibodies were not detected in response to oral vaccination with either fowlpox virus or a baculovirus (BV). Simultaneous oral dosing and parenteral inoculation with high concentrations of ~v in an oil emulsion adjuvant induced high levels of circulating virus neutralising (VN) antibodies, and also low levels of intestinal antibodies when booster doses of virus were given. In response to oral vaccination with swinepox virus (sPy), low levels of circulating and intestinal VN antibodies, and higher titres of antibodies reactive in an enzyme immunoassay, including intestinal antibodies of the IgA class, were detected. Oral vaccination with porcine adenovirus type 3 (PAV-3) stimulated both circulating and intestinal VN antibodies, and IgA antibodies were demonstrated in the intestinal contents.It was concluded that sPv and PAV-3 might be suitable vectors for the expression of genes en: coding the protective antigens of porcine enteric viruses.

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“…Its main mode of transmission is through the biting of the pig louse Haematopinus suis , which acts as a mechanical vector; however, direct animal contact and congenital transmission have also been reported [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Swinepox was first described as a disease of domestic pigs in Europe in 1842 [ 5 ] and in the USA in 1929 [ 6 ], but outbreaks have subsequently been found in pigs also in Africa, Asia, Australia and South America [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. It is commonly associated with poor sanitation [ 4 ], since the virus shows a high environmental stability and is very resistant to drying, as all poxviruses are [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Swinepox in a Wild Boar in Italy: Pathologic and Molecular Findings

et al. 2023

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Swinepox virus (SWPV) is responsible for sporadic acute poxvirus infections in swine worldwide, causing a pathognomonic eruptive proliferative dermatitis. Beside direct and congenital transmission, the pig louse Haematopinus suis acts as a mechanical vector and favors virus infection through skin lesions. Infections are generally described in domestic pigs, while only a few cases have been reported in wild boars, in Austria and Germany. In September 2022, SWPV infection was suspected at post-mortem examination of a wild boar piglet with characteristic lesions in Liguria, Northwest Italy. The piglet was heavily parasitized by swine lice (H. suis). SWPV was then confirmed by histological and molecular analyses. Possible viral co-infections were also investigated (African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus, parvovirus, circovirus, Aujeszky’s disease virus and hepatitis E virus). This article describes gross and histopathologic features of SWPV infection, differential diagnosis, and potential vector-borne transmission to domestic pigs, presenting a brief review of the literature on the topic. SWPV infection is reported in wild boars in Italy for the first time. The finding of SWPV in a wild boar in an area with a very limited pig population may suggest the existence of a “wildlife cycle” in the area. Further investigations are needed to understand the real risk of transmission of SWPV to domestic pigs as well as the role of other arthropod vectors.

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Swine pox in Nigeria

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Cowpox virus infection causing stillbirth in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus )

Cowpox virus infection causing stillbirth in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus )

Potential viral vectors for the stimulation of mucosal antibody responses against enteric viral antigens in pigs

First Report of Swinepox in a Wild Boar in Italy: Pathologic and Molecular Findings

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