Switchable Dual-Function and Bioresponsive Materials to Control Bacterial Infections

Abstract

The colonization of undesired bacteria on the surface of devices used in biomedical and clinical applications has become a persistent problem. Different types of single-function (cell resistance or bactericidal) bioresponsive materials have been developed to cope with this problem. Even though these materials meet the basic requirements of many biomedical and clinical applications, dual-function (cell resistance and biocidal) bioresponsive materials with superior design and function could be better suited for these applications. The past few years have witnessed the emergence of a new class of dual-function materials that can reversibly switch between cell-resistance and biocidal functions in response to external stimuli. These materials are finding increased applications in biomedical devices, tissue engineering, and drug-delivery systems. This review highlights the recent advances in design, structure, and fabrication of dualfunction bioresponsive materials and discusses translational challenges and future prospects for research involving these materials.

Recent Trends in Composite Nanozymes and Their Pro-Oxidative Role in Therapeutics

“…But these coatings were susceptible to damage from complex environmental changes. To address this issue, the recent approach is to design smart responsive materials as anti-adhesive materials and possessing the switchable function of being antibacterial ( Ghasemlou et al, 2019 ). Very recently, Lin et al designed a light and thermoresponsive adjustable anti-adhesion surface using light-responsive titanium oxide nanotubes as a base.…”

Smart gating porous particles as new carriers for drug delivery

“…The difference between the environment and the body's temperatures stimulates the switchable trigger to allow drug release. Generally, the polymers in this case are categorized into two classes: polymers with a low critical solution temperature (LCST) undergo hydrophilic to hydrophobic transition, whereas polymers with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) exhibit the opposite transition [5,118,119]. Varieties of temperature-sensitive polymers have been examined for use in drug delivery, synthetic or natural polymers; poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM), poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL), poly(N-vinylalkylamide), poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA), pluronic, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, polypeptide, and gelatin [120].…”

Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing

“…Furthermore, wounds are vulnerable to suffering from bacterial infection, which can extend the inflammatory process and increase its intensity [241,242]. Several research groups have worked on different strategies that combine natural antimicrobial and antiinflammatory approaches for wound healing [243][244][245]. Regarding this, Garcia et al developed an electrospun PCL-based anti-inflammatory scaffold loaded with thymol (THY) and tyrosol (TYR) essential oils.…”