Switchable multi-wavelength fiber ring laser using a side-leakage photonic crystal fiber based filter

Erbium-doped fiber ring laser with wavelength selective filter based on non-linear photonic crystal fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer

“…The measured 3 dB linewidth of the laser was less than 0.03 nm, with SMSR of about 56 dB (as depicted in figure 8(a)). Compared with reported published work [11,15,21], this is the highest SMSR. The displayed OSA spectrum for the laser operation at room temperature for 1 h indicates a stable and clean operation (see figure 8(b)) with a very small wavelength shift of about ±0.01 nm, and peak power fluctuations of the peak wavelength (1549.7 nm) measured to be around 0.225 dB (as shown in figure 8(c)).…”

“…The laser output was operated around 1550 nm with output power of −4 dBm. This is the highest output power obtained in comparison with previously published work [11,15,19]. By finely adjusting the PC, the polarization state entering the fiber ring cavity will be red shifted (dash line).…”

“…One promising solution to suppress the strong mode competition is by employing a single gain medium in combination with a wavelength selective filter (WSF). Currently, WSF design is realized through various techniques such as Fabry-Perot interferometers [7,8], fiber Bragg grating in Sagnac loop interferometer [9], and infiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) [10][11][12]. Among these, in-line fiber MZI has many attractive advantages, such as broad wavelength operation range, low insertion loss, insensitivity to environmental changes, robustness, compactness and relatively simple fabrication [13,14].…”

All-fiber lasers through photonic crystal fibers

“…Multiwavelength erbium-doped ring fiber lasers were developed: by using a highly nonlinear PCF in combination with a fiber loop mirror [52]; or through three FBGs and a highly nonlinear PCF, reaching stability and uniformity based on fourwave-mixing [53]; or by employing a multimode FBG and a highly nonlinear PCF to induce four-wave-mixing effect [54]; or making use of a side-leakage PCF based filter incorporated into the ring cavity [55]; or based on four-wave-mixing in a length of high nonlinear PCF and a sampled fiber grating [56]; or even by exploiting a erbiumdoped PCF and inducing nonlinear polarization rotation [57]. A dual-wavelength erbium-doped ring fiber laser was developed based on FBGs and a highly PCF [58].…”

Switchable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber ring laser based on a tapered in-line Mach–Zehnder interferometer

“…In recent years, switchable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber lasers (SMW-EDFLs) have been widely applied in wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) fiber communication systems, long-distance distributed optical fiber sensing systems and optical signal processing, due to the advantages of flexible application, high side mode suppression ratio (SMSR), long working life and good stability [1][2][3]. Although erbium doped fiber (EDF) has high gain, large saturation power and low polarization dependence, its homogeneous broadening characteristic makes it difficult to obtain a stable SMW-EDFL with high-SMSR [4,5]. In order to realize a SMW-EDFL with good stability and high performance, various optical filters have been used, such as polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF)-based Sagnac filters [6,7], Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) [5,8], fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) [9,10] and compounded fiber filters [11,12].…”