Switching between negative and positive electrorheological effect of g-C3N4 by copper ions doping

Plachý, Tomáš; Masař, Milan; Mrlík, Miroslav; Machovský, Michal; Machovska, Zuzana; Kutálková, Erika; Kuřitka, Ivo

doi:10.1016/j.apt.2019.01.001

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A similar phenomenon was reported by Zeng et al 43 The addition of silver atoms resulted in a slight reduction of the grain surface spacing of the material, suggesting that the Ag NPs were not limited to the shallow surface. 44 In addition, the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) images of the g-C 3 N 4 /NCDs/Ag material were consistent with those of the pristine g-C 3 N 4 (Figure S1) and did not exhibit new characteristic peaks, which may be due to the low doping and uniform dispersion of NCDs and Ag. The doping is only the binding of a very small number of active sites and does not change the main structure of g-C 3 N 4 .…”

Section: Acs Applied Nano Materialssupporting

confidence: 63%

g-C₃N₄/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

Wang

Hao

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)/nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs)/silver (Ag) ternary composite catalysts for organic pollution degradation in aqueous solution were constructed using an interfacial electronic control mechanism with double doping of NCDs and Ag nanoparticles (NPs). NCDs can act as a bridge for electrons to guide the flow of photogenerated charge carriers. The Ag NPs acts as photosensitizers and electron acceptors, enhancing electron transport in the material. With the synergistic effect of NCDs and Ag NPs, the absorption range of the visible spectrum of the g-C3N4/NCDs/Ag catalyst is broadened, the excitation of electrons is enhanced, and the photogenerated electron–hole binding rate is slowed down. The experimental results showed that the degradation of several contaminants [methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (Rh B), tetracycline hydrochloride, and chrysin hydrochloride] could be achieved within 100 min using a 300 W xenon lamp as the light source (λ > 400 nm). It is very noteworthy that the reaction rates of g-C3N4/NCDs/Ag catalysts for the degradation of MO and Rh B were 13.5 and 12.9 times higher than those of conventional g-C3N4, respectively. NCDs and Ag NPs are uniformly distributed inside the material by inducing g-C3N4 to undergo self-assembly, and thus the g-C3N4/NCDs/Ag catalysts exhibit a stable recycling performance. In addition, •O2 – was confirmed as the main active substance in the photocatalytic process by radical capture experiments and EPR tests, and •OH was used as a secondary site to assist in the photocatalytic degradation process. This design idea of a double-doped modulated g-C3N4 material is expected to be applied in more fields.

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Section: Acs Applied Nano Materialssupporting

confidence: 63%

g-C₃N₄/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

Wang

Hao

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…The response speed of the ER fluid is usually expressed in terms of the length of the dielectric relaxation time, which is both affected by the electric field strength and the yield stress. , According to Figure , we can calculate the dielectric parameters of the ER fluid based on Co-C 3 N 4 NSs/TiO 2 NP composites. The relaxation time is 8.86 × 10 –5 , which is 2–3 orders of magnitude smaller than those reported in recent years as shown in Table S4. ,,, Therefore, it is obvious that the relaxation time of the ER fluid is very short, indicating that after an electric field is applied, the ER fluid can quickly complete the reorganization of the internal chain structure.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The relaxation time is 8.86 × 10 −5 , which is 2−3 orders of magnitude smaller than those reported in recent years as shown in Table S4. 10,15,24,44 Therefore, it is obvious that the relaxation time of the ER fluid is very short, indicating that after an electric field is applied, the ER fluid can quickly complete the reorganization of the internal chain structure.…”

Section: Experiments Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plachy et al investigated the ER properties of the pristine g-C 3 N 4 and copper ion-doped g-C 3 N 4 . They found that the doping of copper ions could cause a positive effect on ER properties . Generally, layered structured particles with tunable electrical and dielectric properties are advantageously used as the dispersed phase in ER fluids. ,, Moreover, Co ion-doped g-C 3 N 4 possesses a larger surface area, porous structure, and low density, which is beneficial as a framework material for an ER application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composites of Co-Doped Graphitic C₃N₄ Nanosheets and TiO₂ Nanoparticles for Electrorheological Fluid Applications

Zhang

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Herein, composites of Co-doped graphitic C3N4 nanosheets and TiO2 nanoparticles (Co-C3N4 NSs/TiO2 NPs) were prepared through a two-step synthetic strategy, and their electrorheological (ER) performance under varied electric field strengths was also researched. The microstructure, chemical elements, and surface morphology of materials were studied thoroughly by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) test, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. The presence of TiO2 NPs and g-C3N4 was confirmed by XRD and FTIR results. Typical SEM and TEM images revealed the apparent sheet-like nanostructure of Co-C3N4, and the filling of TiO2 NP in-layers was discovered. Meanwhile, BET results indicated the abundant pore structure of Co-C3N4 NSs/TiO2 NP composites. The ER performances of Co-C3N4 NSs/TiO2 NP composites, including shear stress, shear viscosity, and ER efficiency, were examined under different electric field strengths with a high-quality electrorheometer. Interestingly, the obtained Co-C3N4 NSs/TiO2 NP composites exhibited an excellent ER property including an unexpected ER efficiency (up to 196), superior platform area, obvious dielectric loss peak, and high shear stress (more than 600 Pa at 3.0 kV/mm), showing wide application prospects as electrorheological materials.

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“…Thus, the particles are aligned in the direction of the E owing to electric dipole–dipole interactions between the particles, forming a chain structure and changing its phase to a solid-like state within milliseconds [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. This behavior is reversible when the E is removed again, wherein it returns to the liquid state and exhibits Newtonian fluid-like behavior [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Due to their artificial controllability and drastic responses and excellent mechanical properties with high yield stresses, ER suspensions have been adopted in various industrial fields such as clutches, brakes, dampers, and shock absorbers [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetite/Poly(ortho-anisidine) Composite Particles and Their Electrorheological Response

Lee

Choi

2021

Materials

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Magnetic and semiconducting Fe3O4/poly(o-anisidine) (POA) core/shell composite particles were fabricated by an oxidation process using Fe3O4 synthesized separately. The dispersion stability in a liquid medium and the electrical conductivity of synthesized particles were improved because of the conductive POA polymeric shell. The morphological, microstructural, compositional/elemental, and thermal behaviors of the particles were characterized using SEM with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, TEM, XRD, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. A smart electro-magneto-rheological suspension containing Fe3O4/POA particles with two functionalities, magnetism and conductivity, was prepared. Its electrorheological properties were investigated at different electric field strengths using a rotational rheometer. Without an electric field, the sample demonstrated typical Newtonian fluid behavior, as expected. However, while under the electric field, it exhibited a solid-like behavior, and the dynamic (or elastic) yield stress of the ER fluid increased linearly as a function of the electric field strength in a power-law function with an index of 2.0, following the polarization mechanism.

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Switching between negative and positive electrorheological effect of g-C3N4 by copper ions doping

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

g-C₃N₄/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

g-C₃N₄/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

Composites of Co-Doped Graphitic C₃N₄ Nanosheets and TiO₂ Nanoparticles for Electrorheological Fluid Applications

Magnetite/Poly(ortho-anisidine) Composite Particles and Their Electrorheological Response

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Switching between negative and positive electrorheological effect of g-C3N4 by copper ions doping

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

g-C3N4/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

g-C3N4/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

Composites of Co-Doped Graphitic C3N4 Nanosheets and TiO2 Nanoparticles for Electrorheological Fluid Applications

Magnetite/Poly(ortho-anisidine) Composite Particles and Their Electrorheological Response

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

g-C₃N₄/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

g-C₃N₄/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot/Silver Nanoparticle-Based Ternary Photocatalyst for Water Pollutant Treatment

Composites of Co-Doped Graphitic C₃N₄ Nanosheets and TiO₂ Nanoparticles for Electrorheological Fluid Applications