Switching between newly learned languages impacts executive control

Lu, Joan; Liu, Cong; Schwieter, John W.; Chen, Baoguo

doi:10.1111/psyp.13888

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The data were analyzed with linear mixed‐effects models in R computing environment (lme4 package; Bates, Mächler, Bolker, & Walker, 2015). For the RT analysis, trials with incorrect responses or RTs beyond a mean of ± 3 SDs per condition were excluded (Jiao, Liu, Schwieter, & Chen, 2021). Hence, 5.34% of the data in the picture‐word matching task and 4.46% in the flanker task were excluded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Language Switching During Cross‐Talk Between Bilingual Language Control and Domain‐General Conflict Monitoring

Timmer

Liu³

et al. 2022

Cognitive Science

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The relationship between bilingual language control and executive control is debated. The present study investigated the effect of short-term language switching in a comprehension task on executive control performance in unbalanced bilinguals. Participants were required to perform a context task and an executive control task (i.e., flanker task) in sequence. A picture-word matching task created different language contexts in Experiment 1 (i.e., L1, L2, and dual-language contexts). By modifying the color-shape switching task, we created different contexts that do not involve language processing in Experiment 2 (i.e., color, shape, and dual context). Experiment 1 showed overall faster responses (in both congruent and incongruent trials) in the flanker task after a language switching context than after single (L1 or L2) contexts. This suggests that the language switching in a comprehension task affected general monitoring performance. By contrast, the nonlinguistic contexts in Experiment 2 did not affect flanker performance. This provides further evidence for the crucial role of language processing during switching to elicit short-term adaptions on domain-general conflict monitoring. Overall, our findings add to the previous studies by showing cross-talk between bilingual language control and domaingeneral conflict monitoring when language switching occurs in a comprehension task.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Language Switching During Cross‐Talk Between Bilingual Language Control and Domain‐General Conflict Monitoring

Timmer

Liu³

et al. 2022

Cognitive Science

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“…Importantly, ERP components are interpreted according to the demands of the task. The P3 amplitude in response to the flanker task, which requires differing levels of regulation (incongruent vs. congruent flankers), has been conceptualized as a measure of executive control (Hillman et al, 2003; Jiao et al, 2021; Rusnáková et al, 2011). That is, P3 is attenuated to incongruent versus congruent flankers, reflecting inhibition demands on cognitive processing, referred to as conflict processing (Gonçalves et al, 2018).…”

Section: Threat Aggression and Distinct Cognitive Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threat effects on cognitive systems: Testing links to aggression proneness.

Verona¹,

McDonald²,

Bozzay³

2023

Emotion

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The biobehavioral study of aggression has implications for expanding our understanding of transdiagnostic processes that increase risk for disinhibited behaviors. Toward this end, our study tested tenets from the process model of aggression (Verona & Bresin, 2015). First, we expected that the predictability of threat would differentially alter cognitive networks, including attentional alerting and executive control. Second, we examined the moderating effects of self- and informant reports of aggression on threat-related changes in cognitive functioning. Using event-related potential (ERP) measures of cognitive-attentional processes, 143 community individuals participated in a well-validated and translational threat manipulation (NPU) task (Schmitz & Grillon, 2012) while completing the Attention Network Test (Fan et al., 2002). Analyses revealed that relatively unpredictable threat quickened alerting-related reaction time, whereas predictable threat interfered with processing of flanker task stimuli. The results, however, failed to show reliable relationships between aggression proneness and threat-related cognitive alterations. The findings fit with a broader literature on cognitive and behavioral outputs of threat activation and provide fruitful avenues for better understanding threat-related aggression.

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“…A possible reason for the null effect in Hofweber et al (2020b) is that the subtle fast-modulation effects of language-processing contexts on cognitive control may be hard to detect by the behavioral experiment (Hofweber et al, 2020b). Indeed, using the cross-task conflict-adaptation paradigm, some previous studies observed the influences of language contexts on the subsequent nonlinguistic cognitive control processes in the electrophysiological data but not in the behavioral data (Bosma & Pablos, 2020; Jiao, Grundy, Liu & Chen, 2020b; Jiao, Liu, Schwieter & Chen, 2021). Therefore, the impact of intra-sentential code-switching types on cognitive control processes may be masked by the insensitivity of the conflict-adaptation paradigm to behavioral effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic engagement of cognitive control in intra-sentential code-switching during comprehension

Jiang

Chen

2022

Bilingualism

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This study investigated whether the deployment of cognitive control was modulated by the intra-sentential code-switching types during comprehension. L1-dominant Chinese–English bilinguals were administered a self-paced reading task in two reading contexts – namely, alternation context and dense code-switching context. We assessed language switch cost and reversed language dominance effect in the self-paced reading task and examined how these language control measures related to domain-general inhibition and monitoring capacities. The results showed a larger switch cost asymmetry in alternation context compared to dense CS context. In addition, bilinguals’ inhibition skills were associated with second language (L2) switch cost in alternation context, while monitoring tended to predict the language dominance effect in dense code-switching context. These findings suggest that alternation context exerts high requirement to reactive inhibition while dense code-switching context tends to induce proactive monitoring during comprehension. We conclude that intra-sentential code-switching types trigger different aspects of cognitive control during comprehension.

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Switching between newly learned languages impacts executive control

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

The Role of Language Switching During Cross‐Talk Between Bilingual Language Control and Domain‐General Conflict Monitoring

The Role of Language Switching During Cross‐Talk Between Bilingual Language Control and Domain‐General Conflict Monitoring

Threat effects on cognitive systems: Testing links to aggression proneness.

Dynamic engagement of cognitive control in intra-sentential code-switching during comprehension

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